Skip to main content
Case Study

From the “Imperfect Illness” to the Possibility of Developing Good Internal Objects

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy of Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder With Follow-Up by the Rorschach

Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000081

Abstract. This paper is about a psychoanalytic psychotherapy follow-up by the Rorschach Comprehensive System of Doralice, a 30-year-old, unemployed, single woman, with diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, recurrent, severe, with psychotic features (Axis-I); and Borderline Personality Disorder (Axis-II) in DSM IV. The Rorschach Comprehensive System was administered upon admission and also in five annual follow-ups. In this paper, the authors show the characteristics and the development of the dual therapeutic attachment that will be illustrated by the responses to the Rorschach cards II, III and VII, focusing mainly on the MOA scale on the four assessments. The authors will discuss the development of good internal objects over the years during the psychotherapeutic process with a turning point in the third year of treatment that is manifested in the Rorschach. The State of São Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP, sponsored this study.

References

  • Bateman, A. & Fonagy, P. (2004). Psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: Mentalization-based treatment. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. First citation in articleCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Bateman, A. & Fonagy, P. (2010). Mentalization-based treatment and borderline personality disorder. In J. F. ClarkinP. FonagyG. O. GabbardEds., Psychodynamic psychotherapy for personality disorders: A clinical handbook (pp. 187–208). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Bion, W. R. (1962). Learning from Experience. London, UK: William Heinemann Medical Books. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Bion, W. R. (1966). Catastrophic change. Bulletin of the British Psychoanalytical Society, 1966(5), 13–26. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Del-Ben, C. M., Rodrigues, C. R. & Zuardi, A. W. (1996). Reliability of the Portuguese version of the structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) in a Brazilian sample of psychiatric outpatients. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 29(12), 1675–1682. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Del-Ben, C. M., Vilela, J. A. A., Crippa, J. A. S., Hallak, J. E. C., Labate, C. M. & Zuardi, A. W. (2001). Confiabilidade teste-reteste da Entrevista Clínica Estruturada para o DSM-IV–versão clínica (SCID-CV) traduzida para o português [Test-retest reliability of the structured clinical interview for DSM IV – clinical version translated to Portuguese]. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 23, 156–159. First citation in articleCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Exner, J. E. Jr. (2003). The Rorschach [A Comprehensive System] (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Fonagy, P., Gergely, G., Jurist, E. & Target, M. (2004). Affect regulation, mentalization, and the development of the self. New York, NY: Other Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Freud, S. (1920). Beyond the pleasure principle. London, UK: Standard Ed. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Gabbard, G. O. (2005). Cluster B. Borderline Personality Disorder. In G. O. GabbardEd., Psychodynamic Psychiatry in Clinical Practice (4th ed., pp. 319–358). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Publishing. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Kernberg, O. F., Selzer, M. A., Koenigsberg, H. W., Carr, A. C. & Appelbaum, A. H. (1989). Psychodynamic psychotherapy of borderline patients. New York, NY: Basic Books, Inc., Ed. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Kernberg, O. F. (1992). Aggression in personality disorders and perversions. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Klein, M. (1952). Some theoretical conclusions regarding the emotional life of the infant. In J. RiviereEd., Developments in Psychoanalysis (pp. 136–198). London, UK: Hogarth Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Mancke, F., Bertsch, K. & Heerpetz, S. C. (2015). Gender differences in aggression of borderline personality disorder. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 2, 7. doi: 10.1186/s40479-015-0028-7 First citation in articleCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Scott, L. N., Stepp, S. D. & Pilkonis, P. A. (2014). Prospective associations between features of borderline personality disorder, emotion dysregulation, and aggression. Journal of Personality Disorders, 5(3), 278–288. First citation in articleCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Tuch, R. H. (2007). Thinking with, and about, patients too scared to think: Can non-interpretive maneuvers stimulate reflective thought? International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 88, 91–111. First citation in articleCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Urist, J. (1977). The Rorschach test and the assessment of object relations. Journal of Personality Assessment, 41(1), 3–9. First citation in articleCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Winnicott, D. W. (1950). Aggression in Relation to Emotional Development. In D. W. WinnicottEd., Collected papers: Through paediatrics to Psycho-Analysis (1982 ed., pp. 204–218). London, UK: The Hogarth press and The Institute of Psycho-Analysis. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Winnicott, D. (1963). Development of capacity for concern. In D. W. WinnicottEd., The maturational processes and facilitating environment (1979 ed.). London, UK: Karnac. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar