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Original Article

The narcissism spectrum and its effects on self-selection into the teaching profession and on the effort-reward imbalance

Published Online:October 08, 2021https://doi.org/10.1024/1010-0652/a000333

Abstract

Abstract: Based on the person-environment fit theory and the dynamic self-regulatory model of narcissism, an occupational self-selection into the teaching profession is analysed. This examination consults two comparative groups: student teachers are compared with management students, and practising teachers are compared with business leaders. After a theoretical analysis of the narcissism phenomenon considering the social-personality perspective, the relation between the narcissism spectrum – extreme, healthy and insufficient narcissism – and the effort-reward imbalance is examined. The sample consists of n 958 test persons from Austria. Self-selection tendencies into the teaching profession are mostly confirmed. Teachers show lower levels of extreme, healthy, and higher levels of insufficient narcissism than business leaders. Student teachers show lower levels of healthy and extreme narcissism than management students. Compared to student teachers, practising teachers exhibit higher levels of insufficient narcissism. This difference can be traced back to stressful classroom conditions. Teachers obtain less reward from their work than business leaders. Lower levels of healthy narcissism lead to more overcommitment and a reinforcement of the effort-reward imbalance, and increase the risk of gratification crises in the teaching profession.


Das Narzissmus Spektrum und seine Effekte auf die Selbstselektion in den Lehrberuf und auf die Effort-Reward Imbalance

Zusammenfassung: Basierend auf der Person-Environment-Fit Theorie und dem Narzissmus-Selbst-Regulationsmodell werden Tendenzen der Selbstselektion in den Lehrberuf untersucht. Diese Untersuchung bezieht sich auf zwei Vergleichsgruppen: Lehramtsstudierende werden mit Management-Studierenden und praktizierende LehrerInnen mit Führungskräften verglichen. Nachdem das Phänomen Narzissmus einer theoretischen Analyse unter Berücksichtigung der sozial-personellen Perspektive unterzogen wird, kommt es zu einer Analyse der Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Narzissmus-Spektrum (extremer, gesunder und insuffizienter Narzissmus) und der Effort-Reward-Imbalance. Die Stichprobe besteht aus n 958 Probanden aus Österreich. Eine Selbstselektion in den Lehrberuf wird größtenteils bestätigt. Lehramtsstudierende zeigen eine niedrigere Ausprägung von gesundem und extremem Narzissmus als Management Studierende. Im Vergleich zu Lehramtsstudierenden weisen praktizierende LehrerInnen höhere Ausprägungen beim insuffizienten Narzissmus auf. Dieser Unterschied wird auf die besonders stresshaften Arbeitsbedingungen im Schulunterricht zurückgeführt. LehrerInnen erzielen im Vergleich zu Führungskräften weniger Belohnung aus ihrer Arbeit. Niedrigere Niveaus von gesundem Narzissmus erhöhen das arbeitsbezogene Overcommitment und verstärken die Effort-Reward-Imbalance, sodass das Risiko von Gratifikationskrisen im Lehrberuf steigt.

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