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Originalartikel

Psychotherapeutische und psychosoziale Interventionen zur Unterstützung der Krankheits- bewältigung für Menschen mit Demenz im Frühstadium

Ein Überblick

Published Online:December 28, 2009https://doi.org/10.1024/1011-6877.22.4.205

Abstract

Degenerative Demenzerkrankungen können bislang nicht kausal behandelt werden. Die folgende Review fasst den aktuellen Stand der nicht-medikamentösen Interventionen für Menschen mit einer leichten Demenz zusammen. Viele empirische Studien und Therapieempfehlungen sind auf der Basis eines Paradigmenwechsels entstanden und bedienen sich Instrumenten und Verfahren der qualitativen Sozialforschung. Innerhalb dieses Perspektivenwechsels steht das Krankheitserleben der Betroffenen im Vordergrund. Die vorgestellten Einzel- und Gruppentherapieansätze beruhen auf der Prämisse, dass Menschen mit Demenz nicht passive Opfer ihrer degenerativen Abbauprozesse sind, sondern ihre Krankheit aktiv zu bewältigen versuchen. Es werden ein Überblick über allgemeine Grundsätze der therapeutischen Arbeit mit Menschen mit Demenz gegeben sowie verschiedene personenzentrierte Interventionen (Verhaltenstherapie, Gesprächspsychotherapie, kognitive Aktivierung) und Gruppentherapieansätze vorgestellt.


Psychological and Psychosocial Interventions to Support People Coping with Dementia in Early Stages. An Overview

Primary degenerative dementia cannot be treated by medicaments casually. The following review contains the latest development in research, regarding nonpharmacological treatment for people with dementia (PWID) in early stages. Most of the recommended therapies and empirical studies are based on a paradigmatic change and used instruments and procedures of qualitative interpretative social research. Within this change of perspectives the lived experience of having dementia is in the centre of attention. The introduced approaches are based on the assumption that people with dementia are not passive victims of their disease but try to cope with it actively. This article provides an overview of basic principles for the therapeutic work with PWID. Furthermore it presents different person-centred interventions (Behavioural Therapy, Humanistic Therapy, cognitive activation) and approaches for support groups and group education programs.

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