Trust – a Subject for Social Neuroscience?
Abstract
The term trust has its roots in psychology and the social sciences, it stands for a complex construct having a high relevance in certain domains, ranging from everyday-live issues over sociology and medicine to economics, law and politics. To a certain extend it plays a crucial role in all social interactions, displaying its enormous societal relevance. In the last years a new research domain emerged, referred to as ‘Social Neuroscience’. Within this domain many intriguing findings have been made regarding the neural basis of social behavior. In this review we want to present what is known about the neural mechanisms underlying trust and present ideas on how social neuroscientific research can improve our understanding of this important social phenomenon and its dysfunctions, focusing on interpersonal trust. Especially the integration of social-neuroscientific methods with clinical and developmental psychological paradigms should provide new insights into the biology and development of trust and distrust.
Der Begriff Vertrauen hat seine Ursprünge in der Psychologie und den Sozialwissenschaften, er bezeichnet ein komplexes Konstrukt, das in verschiedenen Gebieten eine hohe Relevanz besitzt, wobei diese von Alltagssituationen über Soziologie und Medizin bis zur Wirtschaft und Politik reicht. In den letzten Jahren ist ein neues Forschungsfeld entstanden, die ‚Soziale Neurowissenschaft‘, die sich verstärkt mit dem Konstrukt Vertrauen beschäftigt. In diesem Feld sind viele Erkenntnisse über die neuronalen Grundlagen sozialen Verhaltens gewonnen worden. Hier werden die bisher bekannten biologischen Grundlagen des Vertrauens ausgeführt. Außerdem werden Vorschläge präsentiert, wie die Soziale Neurowissenschaft unser Verständnis dieses Phänomens erweitern kann. Gerade die Integration neurowissenschaftlicher Methoden mit klinisch-psychologischen und entwicklungspsychologischen Ansätzen kann zu neuen Einsichten im Kontext der Entstehung von Vertrauen und Misstrauen führen.
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