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Expressed Emotion, Mutter-Kind-Beziehung und ADHS-Symptome im Vorschulalter

Eine Studie zur Validität des deutschsprachigen Preschool Five Minute Speech Sample

Published Online:November 25, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000384

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Störungen der Eltern-Kind-Beziehung wie Feindseligkeit, geringe Wärme und mangelnde Responsivität/Feinfühligkeit der Bezugspersonen gehen oftmals mit externalisierenden Störungen des Kindes und einem ungünstigen Entwicklungsverlauf einher. Das Preschool Five Minute Speech Sample (PFMSS) wurde zur ökonomischen Messung von Aspekten einer gestörten Eltern-Kind-Beziehung speziell im Vorschulalter entwickelt. Wir untersuchen Validitätsaspekte der deutschsprachigen Version des PFMSS und gehen der Frage nach, ob die Skalen dieser Version mit einer Verhaltensbeobachtung elterlicher Feinfühligkeit, mit Symptomen der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS), oppositionellen Symptomen sowie mütterlicher Depressivität assoziiert sind. Die Stichprobe besteht aus n = 114 Familien mit 4 bis 5-jährigen Kindern; davon n = 65 (57 %) mit erhöhter ADHS-Symptomatik. Die Rekrutierung erfolgte über Kindergärten/-tagesstätten nach einem Fragebogen-Screening. Mütterliche Feinfühligkeit wurde in einer Verhaltensbeobachtung der Mutter-Kind-Interaktion während eines Hausbesuchs gemessen. ADHS- und oppositionelle Symptome sowie mütterliche Depressivität wurden durch ein klinisches Interview respektive per Fragebogen erfasst. Die PFMSS-Skalen zeigten überwiegend die erwarteten signifikanten Zusammenhänge mit mütterlicher Feinfühligkeit, ADHS- und oppositionellen Symptomen des Kindes. Mit dem deutschsprachigen PFMSS liegt somit eine ökonomische und valide Methode zur Erfassung von Störungen der Eltern-Kind-Beziehung im Kontext externalisierender Verhaltensauffälligkeiten im Vorschulalter vor.


Expressed emotion, mother-child relationship, and ADHD symptoms in preschool – a study on the validity of the German Preschool Five Minute Speech Sample

Abstract. An inadequate parent-child relationship with hostility, low warmth, and a lack of responsiveness/sensitivity on the part of the primary caregiver often accompanies a child’s externalizing disorders and predicts a negative developmental course. The Preschool Five Minute Speech Sample (PFMSS) was developed to enable an economic assessment of components of an inadequate parent-child relationship. In this article we investigate aspects of the validity of the German version of the PFMSS. We analyze whether the PFMSS scales are associated with observed maternal sensitivity, symptoms of attention deficit-/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and maternal depressive symptoms. The sample consists of n = 114 families with 4- to 5-year-old children, whereof n = 65 (57 %) show heightened ADHD-symptoms. The families were recruited from local kindergardens. Maternal sensitivity was assessed by observing the mother-child interaction at home. ADHD, ODD, and maternal depressive symptoms were measured by clinical interviews and questionnaires. Most of the PFMSS scales showed the expected associations with maternal sensitivity, ADHD, and ODD symptoms of the child. The German PFMSS thus validly captures significant components of an inadequate mother-child relationship within the context of preschool externalizing behavior problems.

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