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Originalia

Einstellungen von Grundschulkindern zu Nahrungsmitteln

Erfahrungen mit einem idiografischen Impliziten Assoziationstest

Published Online:April 24, 2013https://doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149/a000090

Abstract

In der Studie wurde untersucht, ob Geschmackspräferenzen für gesunde und ungesunde Nahrungsmittel sowie implizite Einstellungen zu Nahrungsmitteln bei Kindern im Grundschulalter Zusammenhänge mit dem Body Mass Index (BMI-SDS) aufweisen. 148 Kinder der dritten Klasse im Alter zwischen 7 und 10 Jahren nahmen an der Studie teil. Die Geschmackspräferenzen wurden mit Ratingskalen im Selbstbericht erfasst, die impliziten Einstellungen mit einem idiografischen Impliziten Assoziationstest (IAT). Im IAT wurden alle Stimuli der Konzepte (ich versus andere, gesunde Nahrungsmittel versus ungesunde Nahrungsmittel) mit Fotografien präsentiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass der IAT-Index zur Prädiktion des BMI einen signifikanten Beitrag leistet. Kinder, bei denen die Konzepte ich und ungesunde Nahrungsmittel stärker assoziiert waren, wiesen auch einen höheren BMI-SDS auf. Hingegen leisteten die expliziten Maße keinen signifikanten Beitrag zur Vorhersage des BMI. Die Befunde werden im Kontext des noch inkonsistenten Forschungsstandes diskutiert.


Attitudes towards foods among elementary school children: Lessons learned from an idiographic Implicit Association Test

The aim of the study was to examine whether explicit taste preferences for healthy and unhealthy foods, as well as implicit attitudes towards foods, are associated with body mass index (BMI-SDS) among elementary school children. Participants were 148 third grade children (age: 7 to10 years). Taste preferences were assessed by self-reports using rating scales; implicit attitudes were assessed using an idiographic Implicit Association Test (IAT). In the IAT, all stimuli (i. e., I versus others, healthy foods versus unhealthy foods) were presented as pictures. The IAT significantly predicted children’s BMI-SDS. Children with an implicit attitude towards unhealthy foods showed a higher BMI. In contrast, explicit measures could not predict children’s BMI-SDS. Results are discussed within the context of the still inconsistent state of research.

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