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Originalarbeit

Resilienz- vs. problemorientierte Beratung von Studierenden

Eine randomisierte kontrollierte Studie

Published Online:December 07, 2018https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000496

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Studierende suchen zunehmend psychologische Beratung wegen Stressbelastung oder psychischer Störungen auf. Während viele Interventionen auf die Reduktion psychopathologischer Symptome fokussieren, nutzt das persönliche Resilienzmodell (PRM) vorhandene Stärken zur Bewältigung von Hindernissen. Fragestellung: Das PRM sollte mit einer problemorientierten Intervention (ABC-Modell) als aktive Kontrollbedingung und einer Wartekontrollgruppe (WKG) über sechs Wochen hinweg verglichen werden. Methode: In einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie mit n = 57 Studierenden (Completer) wurde das PRM mit ABC-Modell und WKG verglichen. Ergebnisse: Bei beiden Interventionen zeigten sich überwiegend signifikante Verbesserungen oder Trends in Psychopathologie, Inkongruenz, Depressivität, Selbstwert und Resilienz im Vergleich zur WKG. Die mittleren Prä-Post-Effektstärken lagen bei d = 0.62 (PRM), d = 0.42 (ABC) und d = 0.07 (WKG). Schlussfolgerungen: Das PRM bietet eine ökonomische und ressourcenorientierte Alternative zu problemorientierter Studienberatung.


Resilience- Versus Problem-Focused Student Counseling: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract.Background: Students are increasingly seeking psychological counseling due to stress-related problems or mental disorders. While many interventions focus on alleviating psychopathological symptoms, the Personal Model of Resilience (PRM) provides a way to make use of existing strengths to overcome obstacles. Objective: To compare the PRM with a problem-focused intervention (ABC model) as an active control condition and a waiting control group (WCG) within 6 weeks. Method: In a randomized controlled trial with 57 students (completer), the PRM was compared with an ABC and a WCG. Results: Both intervention groups showed mostly significant improvements or trends in psychopathology, incongruence, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and resilience compared with the WCG. Mean pretest–posttest effect sizes were d = 0.62 (PRM), d = 0.42 (ABC), and d = 0.07 (WCG). Conclusion: The PRM represents an economic and strengths-based alternative to problem-focused counseling for students.

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