Although several definitions exist, a personality trait can be defined as the average or expected value of personality-relevant behaviors. However, recent evidence suggests that, while trait questionnaires and aggregated momentary assessments of ...

The distinction between the effects people expect alcohol to have on themselves and on others is poorly understood. This study employs the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality for investigating these two types of beliefs. Participants responded to short ...

Tests of attention are frequently used in clinical psychology, neuropsychology, and other applied settings. Depending on the assessment tradition, attention tests are designed and administered differently. Among other aspects, assessment traditions enable ...

The revised reinforcement sensitivity theory relates individual differences in conflict processing to aversive reinforcement. Conflict monitoring was modulated by means of three reinforcement-related conflict levels in a Go/Nogo task. The small conflict ...

Do women have a recall advantage for what others say? And does it matter what type of information another person shares with them? Women’s greater interdependence in self-construal was predicted to give them an advantage over men in their memory for ...

Some people are routinely described as “cool,” but it is unknown whether this descriptor conveys trait-like information beyond mere likability or popularity. This is the first systematic quantitative investigation of coolness from a trait perspective. ...

There are few studies suggesting that chronotype or morningness-eveningness (M/E) is a predictor of depressive symptoms. A sample of 277 women (university students) of a mean age of 22.25 years ± (SD) 2.47 participated in this study. We used the Composite ...