In a visual search task using photographs of real faces, a target emotional face was presented in an array of six neutral faces. Eye movements were monitored to assess attentional orienting and detection efficiency. ...

We describe and evaluate a recall reconstruction hypothesis for working memory (WM), according to which items can be recovered from multiple memory representations. Across four experiments, participants recalled memoranda that were either integrated with ...

Transposing two internal letters of a word produces a perceptually similar item (e.g., CHOLOCATE being processed as CHOCOLATE). To determine the precise nature of the encoding of letter position within a word, we examined the effect of the number of ...

The recognition heuristic is hypothesized to be a frugal inference strategy assuming that inferences are based on the recognition cue alone. This assumption, however, has been questioned by existing research. At the same time most studies rely on the ...

Negative priming refers to delayed responses to previously ignored distractors. Unlike conventional studies of negative priming in which the attentional selection of a target against its distractors is required in prime trials (prime-selection negative ...

“Good” and “bad” vocal responses are faster when an irrelevant emotional stimulus feature corresponds with the response than when it does not, a phenomenon known as the affective Simon effect. Two experiments investigated how this effect was influenced by ...