Skip to main content
Search
Search
    Quick Search anywhere
    Quick search in Citations
Advanced Search
Skip main navigationClose Drawer MenuOpen Drawer Menu
Previous article
Next article
Themenschwerpunkt

Problembewusstsein und Inanspruchnahme von Hilfe bei substanzbezogenen Problemen

Published Online:December 23, 2013https://doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911.a000278

Abstract

Ziel: Es wurden 12-Monats-Prävalenzen geschätzt bezüglich a) der Wahrnehmung substanzbezogener Probleme, b) der Inanspruchnahme verschiedener Hilfsangebote und c) der Inanspruchnahme professioneller Hilfe. Faktoren, die mit der Inanspruchnahme von Hilfe assoziiert sind, wurden analysiert. Methodik: Die Auswertung basiert auf Daten des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurveys (ESA) 2012 (n = 9084; 18 – 64 Jahre; Ausschöpfungsrate 53.6 %). Missbrauch und Abhängigkeit nach DSM-IV wurden anhand des M-CIDI erfasst. Prädiktoren der Hilfesuche wurden regressionsanalytisch getestet. Ergebnisse: Zwischen 6 % (Alkohol) und 19 % (illegale Drogen) der Konsumenten berichteten substanzbezogene Probleme. Von diesen nahmen 14 % (Alkohol), 33 % (Illegale Drogen) bzw. 59 % (Medikamente) Hilfe in Anspruch. Mit Ausnahme des Einkommens bei Alkoholkonsumenten waren soziodemografische Variablen nicht mit der Inanspruchnahme von Hilfe assoziiert. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Studie zeigt eine Unterversorgung von Personen mit substanzbezogenen Problemen. Das Hilfesuchverhalten scheint hauptsächlich durch die Schwere der substanzbezogenen Störung beeinflusst zu sein.


Awareness and Help-Seeking Behaviour in Individuals with Substance-Related Problems

Aims: It was aimed to estimate 12-months prevalences of i) perception of substance-related problems among alcohol, illicit drugs and prescription drug users; ii) use of several formal and informal sources of care by individuals perceiving substance-related problems; and iii) use of professional help among individuals with a substance use disorder. Factors associated with help-seeking were assessed. Methods: Data come from the 2012 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA; n = 9084; 18 to 64 years; response rate 53.6 %). DSM-IV diagnoses were assessed using the M-CIDI. Regression analyses were used to assess predictors of help-seeking. Results: Between 6 % (alcohol) and 19 % (illicit drugs) of substance users reported having experienced substance related problems. Of those, 14 % (alcohol), 33 % (illicit drugs) and 59 % (prescription drugs) sought help. With the exception of income, socio-demographic variables were not associated with help-seeking. Conclusions: Results show a clear under-treatment in individuals with substance related problems. Help-seeking seems to be mainly influenced by the severity of the substance-related disorder.

Literatur

  • American Psychiatric Association. (1994). DSM-IV Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Andersen, R. M. (1995). Revisiting the behavioral model and access to medical care: Does it matter? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36, 1–10. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Baird, J. , Cooper, C. , Margetts, B. M. , Barker, M. , Inskip, H. M. , the Food Choice Group, University of Southampton. (2009). Changing health behaviour of young women from disadvantaged background: Evidence from systematic reviews. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 68, 195–204. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Barber, J. G. , Crisp, B. R. (1995). Social support and prevention of relapse following treatment for alcohol abuse. Research on Social Work Practice, 5, 283–296. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Barret, B. , Young, M. S. (2012). Past-year acute behavioral health care utilization among individuals with mental health disorders: Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 8, 19–27. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Batra, A. , Hering, T. , Mühlig, S. (2012). Die Anerkennung der Tabakabhängigkeit als Krankheit – ein längst fälliger Schritt oder ein Kampf gegen Windmühlen? SUCHT, 58, 153–155. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Baumeister, S. E. , Meyer, C. , Carreon, D. , Freyer, J. , Rumpf, H.-J. , Hapke, U. et al. (2006). Alcohol consumption and health-services utilization in Germany. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67, 429–435. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Bischof, G. , Rumpf, H.-J. , Hapke, U. , Meyer, C. , John, U. (2000). Remission ohne formelle Hilfen und Inanspruchnahme stationärer Behandlung bei Alkoholabhängigen: Ein Vergleich auslösender Faktoren. SUCHT, 46, 54–61. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Chatzisarantis, N. L. D. , Hagger, M. S. , Wang, C. K. J. , Thogersen-Ntoumani, C. (2009). The effects of social identity and perceived autonomy support on health behaviour within the theory of planned behaviour. Current Psychology, 28, 55–68. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Codony, M. , Alonso, J. , Almansa, J. , Bernert, S. , de Girolamo, G. , de Graaf, R. et al. (2009). Perceived need for mental health care and service use among adults in Western Europe: Results of the ESEMeD Project. Psychiatric Services, 60, 1051–1058. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Cohen, E. , Feinn, R. , Arias, A. , Kranzler, H. R. (2007). Alcohol treatment utilization: Findings from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 86, 214–221. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Cunningham, J. A. , Blomqvist, J. , Cordingley, J. , Callaghan, R. (2005). ”Yes, I’ve received treatment”: What does this mean in the context of epidemiological surveys for alcohol problems? Contemporary Drug Problems, 32, 457–465. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Dawson, D. A. , Grant, B. F. , Stinson, F. S. , Chou, P. S. , Huang, B. , Ruan, W. J. (2005). Recovery from DSM-IV alcohol dependence: United States, 2001–2002. Addiction, 100, 281–292. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Dawson, D. A. , Goldstein, R. B. , Grant, B. F. (2012). Factors associated with first utilization of different types of care for alcohol problems. Jounal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 73, 647–656. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Edlund, M. J. , Booth, B. M. , Han, X. (2012). Who seeks care where? Utilization of mental health and substance use disorder treatment in two national samples of individuals with alcohol use disorders. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 73, 635–646. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • ESEMeD/MHEDEA 2000 investigators, The , Alonso, J. , Angermeyer, M. C. , Bernert, S. , Bruffaerts, R. , Brugha, T. S. et al. (2004). Use of mental health services in Europe: Results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 109(Suppl. 420), 47–54. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Fernández-Artamenti, S. , Fernández-Hermida, J. R. , García-Fernández, G. , Secades-Villa, R. , García-Rodríguez, O. (2013). Motivation for change and barriers to treatment among young cannabis users. European Addiction Research, 19, 29–41. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Fichter, M. M. , Quadflieg, N. (2003). Course of alcoholism in homeless men in Munich, Germany: Results from a prospective longitudinal study based on a representative sample. Substance Use and Misuse, 38, 395–427. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Glaeske, G. (2011). Medikamente – Psychotrope und andere Arzneimittel mit Missbrauchs- und Abhängigkeitspotential. In Deutsche Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen e.V. (Hrsg.), Jahrbuch Sucht 2011 (S. 73–108). Geesthacht: Neuland. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Grella, C. E. , Greenwell, L. , Mays, V. M. , Cochran, S. D. (2009). Influence of gender, sexual orientation, and need on treatment utilization for substance use and mental disorders: Findings from the California Quality of Life Survey. BMC Psychiatry, 9, 52–61. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Hapke, U. , v. der Lippe, E. , Gaertner, B. (2013). Riskanter Alkoholkonsum und Rauschtrinken unter Berücksichtigung von Verletzungen und der Inanspruchnahme alkoholspezifischer medizinischer Beratung. Ergebnisse der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsblatt, 56, 809–813. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Hasin, D. S. , Stinson, F. S. , Ogburn, E. , Grant, B. F. (2007). Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 830–842. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Hildebrand, A. , Sonntag, D. , Bauer, C. , Bühringer, G. (2009). Versorgung Suchtkranker in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der Suchthilfestatistik 2007. SUCHT, 55, 15–34. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Holder, H. D. (1998). Cost benefits of substance abuse treatment: an overview of results from alcohol and drug abuse. The Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 1, 23–29. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Holder, H. D. , Lennox, R. D. , Blose, J. O. (1992). The economic benefits of alcoholism treatment: A summary of twenty years of research. Journal of Employee Assistance Research, 1, 63–82. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Holzbach, R. , Martens, M. , Kalke, J. , Raschke, P. (2010). Zusammenhang zwischen Verschreibungsverhalten der Ärzte und Medikamentenabhängigkeit ihrer Patienten. Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz, 53, 319–325. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Ilgen, M. A. , Price, A. M. , Burnett-Zeigler, I. , Perron, B. , Islam, K. , Bohnert, A. S. B. et al. (2011). Longitudinal predictors of addictions treatment utilization in treatment-naïve adults with alcohol use disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 113, 215–221. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Jahnsen, K. , Glaeske, G. (2002). Benzodiazepine – immer noch zu lange und zu hoch dosiert. Sucht Aktuell, 2, 5–10. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • King, G. , Zeng, L. (2001). Logistic regression in rare events data. Political Analysis, 9, 137–163. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Korcha, R. A. , Polcin, D. L. , Kerr, W. C. , Greenfield, T. K. , Bond, J. (2013). Pressure and help seeking for alcohol problems: Trends and correlates from 1984 to 2005. Addictive Behaviors, 38, 1740–1746. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Körkel, J. (2007). Damit Alkohol nicht zur Sucht wird – kontrolliert trinken. Stuttgart: Trias. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Körkel, J. , Becker, G. , Happel, H.-V. , Lipsmeier, G. (2011). Selbstkontrollierte Reduktion des Drogenkonsums. Frankfurt a. M.: idh Integrative Drogenhilfe e.V. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Krampe, H. , Strobel, L. , Beard, E. , Anders, S. , West, R. , Raupach, T. (2013). German medical students’ beliefs about how best to treat alcohol use disorder. European Addiction Research, 19, 245–251. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kraus, L. , Piontek, D. , Pabst, A. , Gomes de Matos, E. (2013). Studiendesign und Methodik des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurveys 2012. SUCHT, 59, 309–320. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Küfner, H. (2010). Epidemiologie des Substanzkonsums und der Suchterkrankungen in Deutschland. Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz, 53, 271–283. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Lesting, W. , Stöver, H. (2012). Gesundheitsfürsorge, §§ 56–66, 158. In J. Feest, (Hrsg.), Kommentar zum Strafvollzugsgesetz (S. 381–407). Köln: Carl Heymanns Verlag. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • McCabe, S. E. , Cranford, J. A. , West, B. T. (2008). Trends in prescription drug abuse and dependence, co-occurrence with other substance use disorders, and treatment utilization: Results from two national surveys. Addictive Behaviors, 33, 1297–1305. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Mitchell, A. J. , Meader, N. , Bird, V. , Rizzo, M. (2012). Clinical recognition and recording of alcohol disorders by clinicians in primary and secondary care: Meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 201, 93–100. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Mojtabai, R. (2005). Use of speciality substance abuse and mental health services in adults with substance use disorders in the community. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 78, 345–354. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Mons, U. (2011). Tabakattributable Mortalität in Deutschland und in den deutschen Bundesländern – Berechnungen mit Daten des Mikrozensus und der Todesursachenstatistik. Gesundheitswesen, 73, 238–246. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Oleski, J. , Mota, N. , Cox, B. J. , Sareen, J. (2010). Perceived need for care, help seeking, and perceived barriers to care for alcohol use disorders in a national sample. Psychiatric Services, 61, 1223–1231. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Orford, J. , Kerr, C. , Copello, A. , Hodgson, R. , Alwyn, T. , Black, R. et al. (2006). Why people enter treatment for alcohol problems: Findings from UK Alcohol Treatment Trial pre-treatment interviews. Journal of Substance Use, 11, 161–176. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Pabst, A. , Kraus, L. , Gomes de Matos, E. , Piontek, D. (2013). Substanzkonsum und substanzbezogene Störungen in Deutschland im Jahr 2012. SUCHT, 59, 321–331. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Perkonigg, A. , Pfister, H. , Hofler, M. , Frohlich, C. , Zimmermann, P. , Lieb, R. et al. (2006). Substance use and substance use disorders in a community sample of adolescents and young adults: Incidence, age effects and patterns of use. European Addiction Research, 12, 187–196. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Perkonigg, A. , Pfister, H. , Lieb, R. , Bühringer, G. , Wittchen, H.-U. (2004). Problematischer Konsum illegaler Substanzen, Hilfesuchverhalten und Versorgungsangebote in einer Region. Suchtmedizin, 6, 22–31. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Piontek, D. , Kraus, L. , Gomes de Matos, E. , Pabst, A. (2013). Komorbide Substanzstörungen in der erwachsenen Allgemeinbevölkerung. SUCHT, 59, 347–354. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Popova, S. , Mohapatra, S. , Patra, J. , Duhig, A. , Rehm, J. (2011). A literature review of cost-benefit analyses for the treatment of alcohol dependence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8, 3351–3364. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Prochaska, J. O. , DiClemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an intergrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390–395. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Rehm, J. , Shield, K. D. , Rehm, M. X. , Gmel, G. , Frick, U. (2012). Alcohol consumption, alcohol dependence, and attributable burden of disease in Europe: Potential gains from effective interventions for alcohol dependence. Toronto, ON: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Rumpf, H.-J. , Bohlmann, J. , Hill, A. , Hapke, U. , John, U. (2001). Physicians’ low detection rates of alcohol dependence or abuse: A matter of methodological shortcomings? General Hospital Psychiatry, 23, 133–137. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Rumpf, H.-J. , Meyer, C. , Hapke, U. , Bischof, G. , John, U. (2000). Inanspruchnahme suchtspezifischer Hilfen von Alkoholabhängigen und -mißbrauchern: Ergebnisse der TACOS-Bevölkerungsstudie. SUCHT, 46, 9–17. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Saß, H. , Wittchen, H.-U. , Zaudig, M. , Houben, I. (1998). Diagnostische Kriterien DSM-IV. Göttingen: Hogrefe. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Schomerus, G. , Corrigan, P. , Klauer, T. , Kuwert, P. , Freyberger, H. J. , Lucht, M. (2011). Self-stigma in alcohol dependence: consequences for drinking-refusal self-efficacy. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 114, 12–17. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Schomerus, G. , Holzinger, A. , Matschinger, H. , Lucht, M. , Angermeyer, M. C. (2010). Einstellung der Bevölkerung zu Alkoholkranken. Psychiatrische Praxis, 37, 111–118. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Schwarzer, R. (2004). Psychologie des Gesundheitsverhaltens: Einführung in die Gesundheitspsychologie. Göttingen: Hogrefe. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Strobel, L. , Schneider, N. K. , Krampe, H. , Beißharth, T. , Pukrop, T. , Anders, S. et al. (2012). German medical students lack knowledge of how to treat smoking and problem drinking. Addicition, 107, 1878–1882. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Tossmann, H. P. (2004). Konsum von Cannabis, Ecstasy und Amphetaminen – Gibt es einen suchtspezifischen Hilfebedarf? SUCHT, 50, 164–171. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Verheijden, M. W. , Bakx, J. C. , van Weel, C. , Koelen, M. A. , van Staveren, W. A. (2013). Role of social support in lifestyle-focused weight management interventions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 59, S179–S186. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Wienecke, A. , Barnes, B. , Lampert, T. , Kraywinkel, K. (2013). Changes in cancer incidence attributable to tobacco smoking in Germany, 1999–2008. International Journal of Cancer. Advance online publication. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28392 First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Wittchen, H.-U. , Beloch, E. , Garczynski, E. , Holly, A. , Lachner, G. , Perkonigg, A. et al. (1995). Münchener Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI, Paper-pencil 2.2, 2/95). München: Max-Planck-Institut für Psychiatrie, Klinisches Institut. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar