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Freie Beiträge

Bindungssicherheit und die Entwicklung von Sprache und Kognition

Published Online:August 13, 2007https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403.16.3.180

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Studie steht die Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen der frühkindlichen Bindung und der Entwicklung von Sprache und Kognition. Es wird erwartet, dass eine sichere Bindung mit positiveren Entwicklungsergebnissen im sprachlichen und kognitiven Bereich einhergeht. Die Bindung wurde im Alter von einem Jahr mit dem Fremde-Situations-Test (FST) sowie mit dem Attachment-Q-Sort (AQS) erhoben, während die sprachliche und kognitive Entwicklung im Alter von einem und zwei Jahren erhoben wurden. An der Längsschnittstudie nahmen 87 Kinder mit ihren Müttern teil. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sowohl beim FST als auch beim AQS Zusammenhänge zur sprachlichen, nicht aber zur kognitiven Entwicklung bestehen. Die Ergebnisse sind deutlicher, vergleicht man nur diejenigen Kinder, die konsistent sowohl im FST als auch im AQS als sicher gebunden klassifiziert wurden, mit den Kindern, die konsistent als unsicher gebunden klassifiziert wurden. Hier finden sich nicht nur Bezüge zur Sprachentwicklung, sondern auch zur kognitiven Entwicklung, insbesondere zeitversetzt im Alter von zwei Jahren. Die Studie weist auf die Bedeutung frühkindlicher Bindungserfahrungen für spätere Entwicklungsergebnisse hin.


Security of attachment and the development of speech and cognition

Abstract. This study focuses on the analysis of relationships between infants' attachment and the development of speech and cognition. It is expected that a secure attachment will be associated with more positive developmental outcomes in the areas of speech and cognition. Attachment was assessed by the Strange Situation Test (SST) and the Attachment-Q-Sort (AQS), when the infants were 1 year old. The assessments of language and cognitive development took place at the age of 1 and 2 years. Eighty-seven infants and their mothers participated in the longitudinal study. The results show that the SST as well as the AQS parameters are associated with speech, but not with cognitive development. The results are more pronounced if infants consistently classified as securely attached by the SST and the AQS are compared to infants consistently classified as insecurely attached. In this case, there are associations not only with language development, but also with cognitive development, especially with the assessments at the age of 2 years. The study shows the significance of early attachment experiences for later developmental outcomes.

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