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Diagnostik

Frühsymptome des Asperger-Syndroms im Kindesalter

Eine retrospektive Untersuchung

Published Online:June 25, 2010https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000021

Abstract

Obwohl sich Eltern autistischer Kinder bereits in den ersten Lebensjahren Sorgen über die Entwicklung ihres Kindes machen, wird die Diagnose, insbesondere die des Asperger-Syndroms (AS), auch heute noch relativ spät gestellt. Vorhandene Studienergebnisse zu Frühsymptomen beziehen sich zumeist auf den frühkindlichen Autismus und zu ersten Symptomen bei AS liegen bisher nur wenige Studien vor. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche spezifischen Frühsymptome beim AS auftreten, die eine frühe Diagnosestellung und differentialdiagnostische Unterscheidung zwischen AS und AHDS ermöglichen. Die Eltern von 117 Kindern im Alter von fünf bis 18 Jahren (74 mit Diagnose AS, 43 mit ADHS) wurden retrospektiv hinsichtlich früher Auffälligkeiten in der Entwicklung ihrer Kinder befragt. Es wurden zehn früh auftretende Symptome bei AS ermittelt, die eine gute Differenzierung zwischen den Diagnosen ermöglichen: Früh beginnende Kontakt- und Kommunikationsprobleme in Kombination mit im Entwicklungsverlauf zunehmenden stereotypen Verhaltensweisen stellen Symptome dar, die einer weiteren, differenzierten Diagnostik bedürfen.


Early symptoms of Asperger syndrome in childhood: A retrospective study

Despite parents of children with autism having concerns about their children’s development at an early age, Asperger syndrome (AS) in particular is often diagnosed late. Studies on early symptoms of autism mostly refer to early infantile autism, whereas there are practically no studies regarding early symptoms of AS. The present study deals with those specific early symptoms for AS that allow an early diagnosis and differentiation from attention deficit- / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A retrospective interview was conducted with parents of 117 children (74 with AS, 43 with ADHD) with regard to deviant development in early age. Ten early symptoms in AS were identified that allow the two diagnoses to be distinguished. Especially such symptoms as early onset problems in interaction and communication, combined with increasing repetitive, stereotypical behaviors require further differentiated diagnostic procedures.

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