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Originalarbeiten / Original communications

Die Faktorenstruktur des Autismus Diagnostischen Interviews-Revision (ADI-R): Eine Untersuchung zur dimensionalen versus kategorialen Klassifikation autistischer Störungen

Originalarbeit

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1024//1422-4917.29.3.221

Abstract

Zusammenfassung:Fragestellung: Ziel dieser explorativen Studie war es zu untersuchen, ob die in erster Linie inhaltsvalide konstruierten Verhaltensbereiche des Autismus nach ICD-10 und DSM-IV (soziale Interaktion, Kommunikation und begrenzte, repetitive, stereotype Verhaltensmuster) mit statistisch generierten Verhaltensdimensionen konsistent sind. Methodik: Aus dem Autismus Diagnostischen Interview-Revision (ADI-R) gewonnene Daten von N = 262 Probanden mit Autismus oder autistischen Zügen wurden in einer Hauptkomponentenanalyse mit Varimax-Rotation und Faktorenextraktion nach dem Scree-Kriterium verrechnet. Ergebnisse: Die Dimensionierung der Algorithmusitems des ADI-R ergab nur eine vage Übereinstimmung der latenten Variablen mit den postulierten Verhaltensbereichen nach ICD-10 und DSM-IV. Eine 3-Faktorenlösung mit 46,1% Varianzaufklärung ergab zwei sozio-kommunikative und eine sprachbezogene Dimension. Die Items zur Erfassung repetitiven, stereotypen Verhaltens luden nur schwach auf diesen Faktoren. Schlussfolgerungen: Die faktorenanalytische Vorgehensweise legt eine von ICD-10 und DSM-IV abweichende Organisation des Autismuskonstrukts nahe, in der repetitive, stereotype Symptome der Störung eine eingeschränkte Bedeutung haben.


Summary:The factor structure of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R): A study on the dimensiional versus the categorical classification of autistic disorders

Objectives: This study investigated whether empirically derived dimensions of autistic behavior are consistent with the content-valid construction of the autistic behavior domains according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV (social interaction, communication and repetitive, stereotyped behavior). Methods: A principal component exploratory factor analysis routine with varimax-rotation and extraction of factors following the Scree criterion was run using data from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) of N = 262 individuals exhibiting autism or autistic features. Results: A three-factor solution consisting of two socio-communicative and one language dimension and accounting for 46.1% of the total variance was found to best describe the data. These factors yielded only vague correspondence with the idea of behavior domains described in ICD-10 and DSM-IV. In addition, factor loadings of items representing repetitive, stereotyped patterns were generally weak. Conclusions: The factor-analytic approach to autism indicates a conception of the disorder divergent from that defined in the contemporary psychiatric classification systems, especially regarding the area of repetitive, stereotyped behavior.

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