Zusammenfassung: Die Parteispendenaffäre der christlich-demokratischen Union (CDU) Ende des Jahres 1999 wurde zur Untersuchung selektiver Informationssuche und -bewertungsprozesse im Feld herangezogen. Auf Grundlage der Dissonanztheorie wurde vorhergesagt,...
Zusammenfassung: In Gruppendiskussionen werden mehr Informationen genannt, die allen Gruppenmitgliedern bereits vor der Gruppendiskussion zugänglich sind (geteilte Informationen) als Informationen, die nur einzelnen Gruppenmitgliedern zuvor bekannt sind (...
The present research focuses on the question of whether even a preliminary decision causes a confirmation bias in order to maintain the status quo and examines individual differences in consistency between the preliminary and final decision and biased ...
Productive Dissent in Groups: Diversity of Opinions as a Debiasing Strategy for Information Search in Group Decision MakingSummary: Decision-making groups are often expected to function as “think tanks” performing a careful “reality testing” decision ...
Zusammenfassung. Bei Entscheidungen werden häufig Informationen, die eine vorläufig oder endgültig gewählte Alternative unterstützen, stärker nachgefragt als widersprechende Informationen. Jonas, Schulz-Hardt, Frey und Thelen (in Druck) konnten nachweisen,...
Comparison of diagnostic decisions between novices and experts: The example of school career recommendationAbstract. In which way do experts’ and novices’ decisions differ with respect to paedagogical diagnostics? Based on the example of school career ...
Student Grading According to Migration BackgroundAbstract. Disparities in the educational outcomes of students with migration background were often detected for the transition from primary school to secondary school. Here we examined whether such ...
Confirmation Bias in the Evaluation of Personnel Selection MethodsAbstract: The highly discussed discrepancy between science and practice emerges in personnel selection, among other things, in the low distribution of very valid ...
This article examines individuals’ expectations in a social hypothesis testing task. Participants selected questions from a list to investigate the presence of personality traits in a target individual. They also identified the responses that they ...
Abstract. The information search process is a critical cognitive activity in many domains, such as in legal investigations and criminal judgments. Previous research focused on leading strategies, in particular on the use of open and ...
When examining social targets, people may ask asymmetric questions, that is, questions for which “yes” and “no” answers are neither equally diagnostic nor equally frequent. The consequences of this information-gathering strategy on impression formation ...
Abstract. Knowledge of task-irrelevant information undermines the probative value of forensic evidence (i.e., forensic confirmation bias). Cross-examination may sensitize jurors to bias – but do attorneys recognize when bias has tainted ...
Abstract. Are expert witnesses biased by the side (defense vs. prosecution) that hires them? We examined this issue by having students act as expert witnesses in evaluating interviews in a child sexual abuse case (Experiment 1, N = 143) ...
Abstract. Product evaluation portals on the web that collect product ratings provide an excellent opportunity to observe opinion sharing in a natural setting. Evidence across different paradigms shows that minority opinions are shared ...