Vitamin E and Selenium Reduce Prednisolone Side Effects in Rat Hearts
Abstract
Abstract. Aim of this work was to determine the effects of dietary intake vitamin E and Se on lipid peroxidation (LPO) as Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and on the antioxidative defense mechanisms in heart tissues of rats treated with high doses of prednisolone. 250 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and fed with normal diet. Additionally groups 3, 4, and 5 received a daily supplement in their drinking water of 20 mg vitamin E, 0.3 mg Se, and a combination of vitamin E and Se (20 mg/ 0.3 mg), respectively, for 30 days. For 3 d subsequently, control group was treated with placebo, and remaining four groups were injected intramuscularly with 100 mg/kg prednisolone. After last administration of prednisolone, 10 rats from each group were killed at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of GSH and TBARS were measured. GSH-Px, CAT activities and GSH levels decreased starting from 4th hour to 48% and 65% of control levels by 24th hour, respectively and it reincreased to control levels at 48th hour in the prednisolone group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). In addition, prednisolone administration led 2-fold increase in heart TBARS levels at 24th hour (p < 0.001). E vitamins and Se inhibited the increase in heart TBARS and the decrease in antioxidative enzymes levels. Therefore, It is concluded that vitamin E and Se may have a preventive role in decreasing the increase of TBARS caused by prednisolone administration in our study.
References
1 (2004) Prenatal glucocorticoids and long-term programming. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 151(3), 49–62.
2 (2004) Taking glucocorticoids by prescription is associated with subsequent cardiovascular disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 141, 764–70.
3 (2004) Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in a population based case-control study. Heart. 90, 859–65.
4 (2016) Glucocorticoids Enhance Muscle Proteolysis through a Myostatin-Dependent Pathway at the Early Stage. PLoS One. 11, e0156225.
5 (1977) Binding of dexamethasone and cortisol to cytosol receptors in rat extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles. Exp. Neurol. 57, 342–8.
6 (1969) Relationship between cortisone and muscle work in determining muscle size. J. Physiol. 200, 667–75.
7 (1982) Effect of corticosterone treatment on muscle protein turnover in adrenalectomized rats and diabetic rats maintained on insulin. Biochem. J. 204, 663–72.
8 (1980) Effects of glucocorticoids on peptide chain initiation in heart and skeletal muscle. Adv Myocardiol. 1, 493–501.
9 (1999) Dexamethasone-induced hypertrophy in rat neonatal cardiac myocytes involves an elevated L-type Ca(2 +)current. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 31, 1551–8.
10 (2000) Dexamethasone induced cardiac hypertrophy in newborn rats is accompanied by changes in myosin heavy chain phenotype and gene transcription. Mol. Cell Biochem. 209, 165–73.
11 (1995) Older plasma lipoproteins are more susceptible to oxidation: a linking mechanism for the lipid and oxidation theories of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 7460–4.
12 (1999) Molecular and cellular mechanisms of myocardial stunning. Physiol. Rev. 79, 609–34.
13 (2004) Oxidative stress during myocardial ischaemia and heart failure. Curr. Pharm. Des. 10, 1699–711.
14 (1998) Inflammation, lipids, and free radicals: Lessons learned from the atherogenic process. Semin. Reprod. Endocr. 16, 249–61.
15 (2001) 12/15-lipoxygenase, oxidative modification of LDL and atherogenesis. Trends Cardiovas. Med. 11, 116–24.
16 (1998) Oxidative modification of LDL and atherogenesis. Med. Sci. Symp. Ser. 12, 141–7.
17 (1999) Equivalent doses and relative drug potencies for non-genomic glucocorticoid effects: a novel glucocorticoid hierarchy. Biochem. Pharmacol. 58, 363–8.
18 (1994) Glucocorticoids repress basal and stimulated manganese superoxide dismutase levels in rat intestinal epithelial cells. Gastroenterology. 107, 1662–70.
19 (1996) Randomised controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS). Lancet. 347, 781–6.
20 (1999) Do vitamin E and fish oil protect against ischaemic heart disease? Lancet. 354, 441–2.
21 (1993) Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N. Engl. J. Med. 328, 1450–6.
22 (2016) Selenium in the prevention of atherosclerosis and its underlying mechanisms. Metallomics. 9, 21–37.
23 (2017) Vitamin E: Emerging aspects and new directions. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 102, 16–36.
24 (2016) Dilated Cardiomyopathy Induced by Chronic Starvation and Selenium Deficiency. Case Rep. Pediatr. 2016, 8305895.
25 (1989) Reversible Cardiomyopathy Due to Selenium Deficiency. Jpen-Parenter. Enter. 13, 663–5.
26 (1998) Vitamin E reduces glucocorticoid-induced growth inhibition and lipid peroxidation in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 44(2), 237–247.
27 (1966) Estimation of product of lipid peroxidation (malonyl dialdehyde) in biochemical systems. Anal. Biochem. 16(2), 359–364.
28 (1988) Determination of enzyme activity in lipid peroxidation and glutathione pathways. Laboratoriumi Diagnosztika. 15, 248–250.
29 (1972) The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem. 247(10), 3170–3175.
30 (1984) [13] Catalase in vitro. In Methods in enzymology (Vol. 105, pp. 121–126). Academic Press.
31 (1968) Estimation of total, protein-bound, and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with Ellman’s reagent. Anal. Biochem. 25, 192–205.
32 (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 193(1), 265–275.
33 (2004) Immune cells: free radicals and antioxidants in sepsis. Int. Immunopharmacol. 4, 327–47.
34 (2007) Endothelial-specific expression of mitochondrial thioredoxin improves endothelial cell function and reduces atherosclerotic lesions. Am. J. Pathol. 170, 1108–20.
35 (1995) Dilated cardiomyopathy and neonatal lethality in mutant mice lacking manganese superoxide dismutase. Nat. Genet. 11, 376–81.
36 (2010) Age-dependent cardiomyopathy in mitochondrial mutator mice is attenuated by overexpression of catalase targeted to mitochondria. Aging Cell. 9, 536–44.
37 (2009) In vivo antioxidant status: a putative target of antidepressant action. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 33(2), 220–228.
38 (1996) The IL-8 production in endothelial cells is stimulated by high glucose. Horm. Metab. Res. 28(8), 400.
39 (1994) Evidence that glucose increases monocyte binding to human aortic endothelial cells. Diabetes. 43(9), 1103–1107.
40 (2015) Role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 88, 221–232.
41 (2000) Increased low density lipoprotein degradation in aorta of irradiated mice is inhibited by preenrichment of low density lipoprotein with alpha-tocopherol . J. Lipid Res. 41, 1666–72.
42 (1993) Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med. 328(20), 1450–1456.
43 (2006) Vitamin E supplementation reduces dexamethasone-induced oxidative stress in chicken semen. Br Poult Sci. 47(3), 350–356.
44 (2002) The effects of vitamin E and selenium intake on oxidative stress and plasma lipids in hamsters fed fish oil. Lipids. 37(12), 1124.
45 (1999) Association between oxidative stress and changes of trace elements in patients with breast cancer. Clin. Biochem. 32, 131–6.
46 (2012) Correlation of oxidative stress with serum trace element levels and antioxidant enzyme status in Beta thalassemia major patients: a review of the literature. Anemia. 2012, 270923.
47 (1998) Selenium yeast is an effective in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and hypolipemic agent in normal hamsters. Nutr Res. 18(4), 735–742.
48 (2005) Selenium improves cardiac function by attenuating the activation of NF-κB due to ischemia–reperfusion injury. Antioxid Redox Signal. 7(9–10), 1388–1397.
49 (1991) Serum selenium concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 50, 376–8.
50 (2012) An original discovery: selenium deficiency and Keshan disease (an endemic heart disease). Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 21, 320–6.
51 (1991) Effect of sodium nitrite on myocardial glutathione peroxidase and protective action of vitamin E and selenium. Biomed. Environ. Sci. 4, 373–5.
52 (1997) Tissue-specific modification of selenium concentration by acute and chronic dexamethasone administration in mice. Br. J. Nutr. 78, 501–9.
53 (2004) Effects of additional vitamin E and selenium supply on antioxidative defence mechanisms in the kidney of rats treated with high doses of glucocorticoid. Cell Biochem. Funct. 22(1), 59–65.
54 (2003) Effects of dietary vitamin E and selenium on antioxidative defense mechanisms in the liver of rats treated with high doses of glucocorticoid. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 91, 231–41.
55 (2018) The possible protective effects of vitamin E and selenium administration in oxidative stress caused by high doses of glucocorticoid administration in the brain of rats. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 45, 131–135.
56 (2016) Plasma selenium protein P isoform 1 (SEPP1): a predictor of selenium status in Nepalese children detected by plasma proteomics. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 1–10.
57 (2005) Neonatal glucocorticosteroid treatment causes systolic dysfunction and compensatory dilatation in early life: Studies in 4-week-old prepubertal rats. Pediatr. Res. 58(1), 46.
58 (2005) Effects of short-term glucocorticoids on cardiovascular biomarkers. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90(6), 3202–3208.
59 (2000) Beneficial effects of vitamin E treatment in acute myocardial infarction. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther. 5(1), 51–58.