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Brief Report

Metacognitive Training for Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (B-MCT)

Modification of Cognitive Biases

Published Online:March 29, 2018https://doi.org/10.1024/1016-264X/a000212

Abstract

Abstract. Metacognitive Training for borderline personality disorder (B-MCT) is a low-threshold group intervention program, which targets borderline-specific cognitive biases and aims to ameliorate borderline symptomatology. The goal of the intervention is to help patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) identify and weaken (meta-)cognitive biases (e. g., monocausal reasoning, high-confident responses when interpreting facial expressions) that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of BPD. Metacognitive training for BPD utilizes a “backdoor approach” by attenuating cognitive biases with entertaining and playful exercises. The training demonstrates patients that cognitive biases are normal to a certain extent, however, can lead to dysfunctional thinking patterns and compromise patient’s judgement when escalated. Preliminary findings confirm the feasibility, acceptance, and efficacy of B-MCT. This article describes the implementation of B-MCT in detail.


Metakognitives Training bei Patienten mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung: Modifikation kognitiver Verzerrungen

Zusammenfassung. Das Metakognitive Training bei Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (B-MKT) ist ein niedrigschwelliges Gruppeninterventionsprogramm, das Borderline-spezifische kognitive Verzerrungen bearbeitet, um eine Verbesserung der Borderline-Symptomatik zu erreichen. Das Ziel der Intervention ist es, Patienten mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) dabei zu helfen, (meta-)kognitive Verzerrungen (wie zum Beispiel monokausales Denken, allzu sichere Reaktionen bei der Interpretation von Gesichtsausdrücken), die bei der Entwicklung und Aufrechterhaltung einer BPS eine ausschlaggebende Rolle spielen, zu benennen und abzuschwächen. Das Metakognitive Training bei BPS nutzt einen sog. „Hintertüransatz“, bei dem kognitive Verzerrungen mit unterhaltsamen und spielerischen Übungen abgeschwächt werden. Das Training verdeutlicht den Patienten, dass kognitive Verzerrungen bis zu einem gewissen Grad normal sind, aber bei Eskalation zu dysfunktionalen Denkmustern führen und das Urteilsvermögen der Patienten beeinträchtigen können. Erste Ergebnisse bestätigen die Machbarkeit, Akzeptanz und Wirksamkeit des B-MKT. Dieser Artikel beschreibt detailliert die Anwendung des B-MKT.

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