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Übersichtsarbeit

Kognitive Verzerrungen und Metakognition bei Multipler Sklerose (MS)

Published Online:March 29, 2018https://doi.org/10.1024/1016-264X/a000214

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Neben einer Reihe physischer Beeinträchtigungen sind die psychischen und kognitiven Störungen bei Multipler Sklerose (MS) seit einigen Jahren im Fokus von Patienten und Behandlern. Funktionale und kompensatorische Therapieansätze konnten bisher jedoch nur bescheidene rehabilitative Erfolge vorweisen. Der Umgang mit diesen Beeinträchtigungen und die Bewältigung der damit einhergehenden Herausforderungen erscheinen gut für kognitiv-behaviorale Therapieansätze geeignet. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde das Metakognitive und alltagsrelevante Training für Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose (MaTiMS) mit einem Fokus auf spezifische kognitive und psychische Beeinträchtigungen bei MS entwickelt und adressiert mithilfe eines metakognitiven Ansatzes zugrunde liegende kognitive Verzerrungen. Weitere vergleichbare therapeutische Entwicklungen für MS-Patienten gibt es bisher keine. Diese Übersichtsarbeit soll einen Überblick über typische kognitive Verzerrungen bei MS und deren Behandlung geben.


Cognitive biases and metacognition in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Abstract. The psychological and cognitive impairments from multiple sclerosis (MS) have been in the focus of both patients and physicians for several years now. However, existing functional and compensatory treatment approaches have yielded only modest benefits. It has been hypothesized that patients might benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy approaches. The Metacognitive and Allday life-relevant Training in MS patients (MaTiMS) was developed with a focus toward addressing the specific cognitive and psychological difficulties found in MS as well as underlying cognitive biases through a metacognitive approach. To date, no comparable therapeutic developments exist for MS patients. This review provides an overview of typical cognitive biases in MS and their treatment.

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