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Research Notes

Die affektive Einstellungskomponente und ihr Beitrag zur Erklärung von Sportpartizipation

Published Online:March 09, 2015https://doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010.13.4.147

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Fast alle derzeit diskutierten Modelle zur Erklärung von Gesundheitsverhalten gründen auf einem rational choice-Ansatz und betonen die Bedeutung kognitiver Determinanten im Prozess der Veränderung oder Aufrechterhaltung von Verhalten. In einigen Modellen wird hierzu auch die Einstellung in Rechnung gezogen, die Personen gegenüber der in Frage stehenden Verhaltensweise einnehmen. Die vorliegende Studie repliziert das Kernergebnis einer Untersuchung von Kiviniemi (2004), die zeigt, dass sich gesundheitsbezogenes Verhalten regressionsanalytisch besser aus der affektiven als aus der kognitiven Einstellungskomponente erklären lässt. Die eigene Untersuchung, bei der 196 Erwachsene im Alter zwischen 40 und 60 Jahren befragt wurden, stützt diesen Befund. Wenn die affektive Einstellungskomponente in ein binär logistisches Regressionsmodell zur Erklärung von Sportpartizipation mit aufgenommen wird, dann reduziert sich der Beitrag der kognitiven Einstellungskomponente auf ein nicht mehr signifikantes Maß. Die Ergebnisse der dargestellten Arbeiten laden dazu ein, in künftigen Untersuchungen neben den bewährten kognitiven Verhaltensdeterminanten, auch die Bedeutung emotionaler Variablen näher zu betrachten.


The role of the affective attitudinal component in explaining physical exercise participation

Abstract. Current theories of health behavior focus almost exclusively on an individual’s rational considerations, thereby emphasizing the role of cognitive variables in the processes of adopting or maintaining a certain health behavior. However, an individual’s attitude toward health-supporting activities such as physical activity or exercise can also been viewed as an important determinant. This study replicates parts of an investigation presented by Kiviniemi (2004). He had shown that affective associations (attitudes) were more powerful predictors of some health behaviors than cognitive associations, suggesting that cognitively based models may not account for all the factors influencing health behavior. The present study of 196 adults (mostly aged 40-60 years) corroborated this finding. When calculating binary logistic regressions on exercise participation including two separate cognitive and affective attitudinal components, only the latter contributed significantly to the model. It is concluded from the present research that more attention should be paid to emotional aspects of health behaviors.

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