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Originalia

Disclosure und wahrgenommene gesellschaftliche Wertschätzung als Opfer als Prädiktoren von PTB bei Kriminalitätsopfern

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443.35.1.49

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Traumatisierte fühlen sich oft ungenügend unterstützt und wertgeschätzt und ziehen sich von zwischenmenschlichen Kontakten zurück. Es wird angenommen, dass dies die Traumaverarbeitung und Genesung von der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTB) verhindern kann. Fragestellungen: Lässt sich PTB-Symptomatik durch interpersonelle Variablen vorhersagen? Besitzen diese Variablen zusätzlichen Erklärungswert zu schon bekannten PTB-Prädiktoren? Methode: Mittels Fragebogenstudie wurden zwei interpersonelle Konzepte “Gesellschaftliche Wertschätzung als Opfer/Überlebender“ und “Offenlegen traumatischer Erfahrungen (Disclosure)“ zusammen mit posttraumatischen kognitiven Veränderungen (PTCI - Foa, Ehlers, Clark, Tolin & Orsillo, 1999) bei 151 Kriminalitätsopfern untersucht. Daneben wurden Traumacharakteristika, PTB-Symptomatik (IES-R), allgemeine Psychopathologie (BSI), Gesundheitsstatus (SF-36), und soziale Unterstützung (F-SozU) erhoben. Ergebnisse: Disclosure und gesellschaftliche Wertschätzung klärten zusätzlich zu den bekannten Variablen bis zu 11% der Störungsvarianz auf. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse demonstrieren den klinisch vermuteten Einfluss interpersoneller Faktoren auf die PTB-Symptomatik. Die Studie zeigt Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Erfassung dieser Variablen im Self-report auf.


Disclosure and perceived social acknowledgement as victim as PTSD predictors in crime victims

Abstract.Theoretical background: Traumatized victims often feel misunderstood and tend to withdraw from others. This may prevent processing of traumatic experiences and recovery from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objectives: Do interpersonal and socio-cognitive variables predict PTSD-symptomatology? Do these factors explain variance additionally to already known PTSD-predictors? Methods: 151 crime victims were investigated by questionnaires regarding the interpersonal concepts “Societal acknowledgment as victim/survivor” and “Disclosure of traumatic experiences” together with posttraumatic cognitive changes (PTCI - Foa et al., 1999). Besides, PTSD symptomatology (IES-R), general psychopathology (BSI), health status (SF-36), and social support (F-SozU) were assessed. Results: Up to 11% of PTSD variance was explained by disclosure and social acknowledgement. Conclusion: Results demonstrate the clinically assumed contribution of interpersonal variables on PTSD symptomatology. The study demonstrates the possibilities and limitations of these variables in self-report.

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