Abstract
Abstract. Earlier research with monolinguals and bilinguals showed that numbers may be named through both a semantic and a phonological route, depending on the number's language and format (Arabic or verbal), task demands, and naming language. The present study investigated the importance of the semantic route for the processing of a third representation of magnitude, namely Roman digits. Using an interference paradigm, we showed that the processing of Roman target digits is influenced by Arabic digit distractors, both in a naming task and a parity judgment task. Roman digits were processed faster if the target and distractor were of the same magnitude. If this was not the case, processing speed slowed down as the numerical distance between target and distractor increased. This strongly suggests that semantic access is mandatory when naming Roman digits. Implications are discussed for the number processing domain and for models of translation in bilinguals.
References
(1999). Bias processes in reading: Multiple routines in localist and connectionist models. In R.M. Klein & P.A. McMullen (Eds.), Converging methods for understanding reading and dyslexia. Language, speech, and communication (pp. 413-458). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
(1995). Arabic number reading: On the nature of the numerical scale and the origin of phonological recoding. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124, 434– 452
(2005). Number recognition in different formats. In J.I.D. Campbell (Ed.), Handbook of mathematical cognition (pp. 23-42). Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
(1994). Architectures for numerical cognition. Cognition, 53, 1– 44
(1995). Toward a multiroute model of number processing: Impaired number transcoding with preserved calculation skills. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124, 375– 390
(2001). DRC: A dual-route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud. Psychological Review, 108, 204– 256
(1992). Varieties of numerical abilities. Cognition, 44, 1– 42
(1990). Is numerical comparison digital: Analogical and symbolic effects in two-digit number comparison. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 16, 626– 641
(2002). What number translation studies can teach us about the lexicosemantic organisation in bilinguals. Psychologica Belgica, 42, 151– 175
(2004). Forward and backward number translation requires conceptual mediation in both balanced and unbalanced bilinguals. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30, 889– 906
(2008). Semantic access in number word translation: The role of crosslingual lexical similarity. Experimental Psychology, 55, 102– 112
(1996). The importance of magnitude information in numerical processing: Evidence from the SNARC effect. Mathematical Cognition, 2, 95– 110
(2001). Are Arabic numerals processed as pictures in a Stroop interference task?. Psychological Research, 65, 250– 259
(1992). Picture naming. Cognition, 42, 61– 105
(1982). Mental manipulation of arithmetic symbols. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 8, 308– 319
(1982). Is 3 greater than 5: The relation between physical and semantic size in comparison tasks. Memory and Cognition, 10, 389– 395
(1999). From objects to names: A cognitive neuroscience approach. Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung, 62, 118– 130
(2003). Semantic processing of Arabic, Kanji, and Kana numbers: Evidence from interference in physical and numerical size judgments. Memory and Cognition, 31, 360– 368
(1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33, 149– 174
(1990). Regression-analyses of repeated measures data in cognitive research. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 149– 157
(1992). Cognitive mechanisms in numerical processing: Evidence from acquired dyscalculia. Cognition, 44, 107– 157
(1992). Notational constraints and number processing: A reappraisal of the Gonzalez and Kolers (1982) study. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology, 45, 451– 478
(1995). Lexicalization errors in writing Arabic numerals: A single-case study. Brain and Cognition, 29, 151– 179
(1997). On the existence of intermediate representations in numerical processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 697– 720
(1999). Stroop and Garner effects in comparative judgment of numerals: The role of attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 25, 39– 58
(1998). Symbolic distance between numerosity and identity modulates Stroop interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 1535– 1545
(1996). Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasiregular domains. Psychological Review, 103, 56– 115
(2005). Naming two-digit Arabic numerals, evidence from masked priming studies. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31, 1150– 1163
(1999). Single-digit and two-digit Arabic numerals address the same semantic number line. Cognition, 72, 191– 201
(2002). Semantic priming in number naming. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55A, 1127– 1139
(2006). Functional architecture of naming dice, digits, and number words. Language and Cognitive Processes, 21(1-3), 78– 111
(1991). Cognitive representations and processes in arithmetic: Inferences from the performance of brain-damaged subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17, 355– 376