Coping mit Alltagsstress in verschiedenen Problembereichen
Vergleich klinisch auffälliger und gesunder Jugendlicher
Abstract
Fragestellung: In der Untersuchung klinisch auffälliger Jugendlicher fehlen bislang Studien zum Coping mit alltäglichen Stressoren im Vergleich zu gesunden Jugendlichen. Methodik: Klinisch auffällige Jugendliche mit verschiedenen Störungen (gemischten Störungen einschließlich Delinquenz, Sucht, Depression) wurden anhand des Coping across Situations Questionnaire (Seiffge-Krenke, 1995) und einer gekürzten Version des Youth Self Report (Achenbach, 1991) mit gesunden Jugendlichen verglichen. Ergebnisse: Die verschiedenen klinischen Gruppen (n = 469) zeigten spezifische Muster hinsichtlich ihres Copings. Die Gruppe der depressiven Jugendlichen zeigten insgesamt sehr geringe Werte im Coping. Die Gruppe aus den Einrichtungen der Suchthilfe hingegen bediente sich vor allem dysfunktionaler Copingstrategien. Die Jugendlichen aus Einrichtungen der Jugendhilfe (gemischte Störungen einschließlich Delinquenz) hatten sowohl in den dysfunktionalen als auch in den funktionalen Copingstrategien höhere Werte als die beiden anderen klinisch auffälligen Gruppen. Die Kontrollgruppe zeigte mehr funktionales und geringeres dysfunktionales Coping. Die klinisch auffälligen Jugendlichen differenzierten in ihrem Copingverhalten nicht in Abhängigkeit von den unterschiedlichen Problembereichen. Es zeigte sich des Weiteren ein geringer Geschlechtseffekt im Coping. Schlussfolgerungen: Klinisch auffällige Jugendliche waren nicht in der Lage adaptiv auf verschiedene Problembereiche zu reagieren, sondern wandten situationsübergreifend dysfunktionale Copingstrategien wie Rückzug und Problemmeidung an.
Objective: Studies are lacking that analyze how clinically referred adolescents and healthy adolescents cope with everyday stressors. Methods: Clinically referred adolescents from three problematic domains (diverse disorders including delinquency, drug abuse, and depression) were compared to healthy adolescents using the Coping Across Situations Questionnaire (Seiffge-Krenke, 1995) and a short version of the Youth Self-Report (Achenbach, 1991). Results: The different clinical groups (n = 469) showed unique patterns concerning their coping styles. The group of depressed youth altogether showed lower coping activities. The youth from institutions for drug abusive youth used more dysfunctional coping. The adolescents from youth welfare services (diverse disorders including delinquency) were more active in both dysfunctional and functional coping than the other two clinically referred groups. The control group showed more functional and less dysfunctional coping. The clinically referred adolescents did not differentiate in their coping behavior, depending on the type of stressor. Gender effects were apparent, albeit negligible. Conclusions: Clinically referred youth are unable to adapt their coping behavior according to the given situation.
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