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Originalia

Sportliche (In-)Aktivität depressiver Patienten

Eine clusteranalytische Unterscheidung von motivationalen und volitionalen Typen

Published Online:July 07, 2014https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000255

Abstract

Theoretischer Hintergrund: Der Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) wurde dazu genutzt, die kognitiven Grundlagen des Sportverhaltens depressiver Patienten näher zu beschreiben. Fragestellung: Das Ziel bestand darin, depressive Patienten anhand von Prozessen der sportbezogenen Absichtsbildung (Motivation) und Absichtsumsetzung (Volition) zu typisieren. Methode: 62 depressive Patienten erhielten Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen zu sportbezogenen Variablen. Die Typisierung erfolgte mittels einer Clusteranalyse. Ergebnisse: Es ergaben sich vier Cluster: Das erste Cluster wies keine Sportabsicht auf (Non-Intender), das zweite Cluster eine mittelstarke Absicht (Medium-Intender). Das dritte Cluster war charakterisiert durch eine hohe Absichtsstärke, bei mangelnder Absichtsumsetzung (High-Intender). Das vierte Cluster wies eine hohe Absichtsstärke sowie eine gelungene Absichtsumsetzung auf (Actor). Schlussfolgerung: Depressive Patienten sollten unseren Daten zufolge in vier sportbezogene Typen unterteilt werden. Anhand der Clusterprofile können typspezifische Interventionen zur Steigerung sportlicher Aktivität abgeleitet werden.


Physical (in)activity in depressive patients: A cluster analytic differentiation of motivational and volitional types

Background: Exercise behavior in depressive patients was analyzed using the Health Action Process Approach. Objective: To detect subtypes of depressive patients with different deficits and strengths regarding intention formation (motivation) and intention implementation (volition). Method: Sixty-two depressive patients received self-report questionnaires with exercise related variables. Patient types were identified using cluster analysis. Results: There were four clusters: The first cluster showed no intention to exercise (non-intender); the second cluster showed medium intention (medium-intender). The third cluster had high intention but suffered from volitional deficits (high-intender). The fourth cluster reported high intention and succeeded in intention implementation (actor). Conclusions: Depressive patients can be classified into four subtypes regarding exercise. The cluster profiles suggest subtype-specific interventions to increase exercise.

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