Summary: To facilitate the development of valid multicultural/multilingual tests, the International Test Commission (ITC) prepared the ITC Guidelines on Test Adaptations. This paper reviews the current version (cf. Van de Vijver & Hambleton, 1996), which ...
In this introductory article the development of ideas on cultural bias in tests since the sixties is briefly reviewed and three approaches are mentioned. A distinction is made between the tradition of culture fair use of tests that is directed more ...
A central methodological aspect of cross-cultural assessment is the interpretability of intergroup differences: Do scores obtained by subjects from different cultural groups have the same psychological meaning? Equivalence (or the absence of bias) is ...