Abstract
Schon Kinder unterscheiden sich in ihrer Bereitschaft, Belohnungen aufzuschieben. Die über die Lebensspanne relativ stabile Fähigkeit des Belohnungsaufschubs wird als ein Prädiktor für die Entwicklung externalisierender Störungen betrachtet. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die Bedeutung des Belohnungsaufschubs als Schutzmechanismus gegen späteres aggressives Verhalten diskutiert. Hierzu wird ein kurzer Überblick zu möglichen Ursachen eines mangelnden Belohnungsaufschubs und daraus resultierende Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklung sozial-emotionaler Kompetenzen gegeben. Um aggressives Verhalten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen frühzeitig zu verhindern, sind gezielte entwicklungsorientierte Präventionsmaßnahmen notwendig, für die der Aspekt des mangelnden Belohnungsaufschubs bisher noch nicht ausreichend berücksichtigt wurde.
Children already differ at a young age in their ability to delay gratification. This individual difference seems relatively stable over the life span and has been implicated as one predictor for the development of externalizing problems. Based on this, the role of delayed gratification as a protective factor against aggressive behavior within later life is discussed in this article. We provide an overview of potential determinants for difficulties in delaying gratification and the impact on the development of social-emotional competencies. In order to prevent aggressive behavior at an early stage, development-oriented prevention approaches are necessary for which difficulties in the ability to delay gratification have not been sufficiently taken into consideration before.
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