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Originalarbeiten

Reliabilität von Aufmerksamkeits- und verbalen Gedächtnistests bei gesunden Kindern und Jugendlichen - Implikationen für die klinische Praxis

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917.33.3.169

Abstract

Zusammenfassung:Fragestellung: Die neuropsychologische Diagnostik eignet sich zur differenzierten Beschreibung von kognitiven Leistungen bei Patienten mit kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Erkrankungen. In dieser Arbeit werden zunächst ein kurzer theoretischer Hintergrund für die neuropsychologischen Funktionen Aufmerksamkeit und verbales Gedächtnis gegeben und ausgewählte klinische Befunde dargestellt. Des Weiteren wird ein Beispiel einer neuropsychologischen Testbatterie vorgestellt, die im Kinder- und Jugendbereich eingesetzt werden kann. Methodik: Die Retest-Reliabilität dieser Testbatterie wurde in einem Wiederholungszeitraum von 6 Wochen bei 33 gesunden Kindern untersucht. Ergebnisse: Generell konnte eine gute Reliabilität nachgewiesen werden, obwohl es zwischen einigen abhängigen Variablen Unterschiede gab. Lerneffekte aufgrund der Wiederholung wurden vornehmlich bei den jüngeren Kindern nachgewiesen. Schlussfolgerung: Die ausgewählten neuropsychologischen Tests scheinen für die klinische Anwendung geeignet zu sein, wie z. B. die Untersuchung von kognitiven Defiziten und die Evaluierung von psychopharmakologischen Behandlungen. Es ist jedoch zu beachten, dass in Abhängigkeit vom Alter die Retest-Reliabilität unterschiedlich ist.


Reliability of attention and verbal memory tests with normal children and adolescents - clinical implications

Summary:Objectives: Neurological assessment is an intriguing tool for the characterisation of cognitive dysfunctions associated with childhood psychiatric disorders. The current article gives a short theoretical overview on neuropsychological functions such as attention and verbal memory. Selected clinical findings are summarised. Neuropsychological attention and memory tasks that are suited for the examination of children and adolescents are described. Methods: The retest-reliability of these tasks was examined in a group of 33 healthy children within six weeks after the original test. Results: It was shown that reliability was generally high, albeit differing between some of the dependent variables. The greatest learning effects were found in younger children. Conclusions: The selected neuropsychological tests seem suitable for clinical applications such as the assessment of cognitive deficits or the evaluation of psychopharmacological treatment. However, age-dependent confidence intervals should be considered if retesting is required.

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