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Übersichtsarbeit

Nutzung von elektronischen Geräten und deren Einfluss auf Schlaf und Lernleistung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Published Online:January 19, 2023https://doi.org/10.1024/2235-0977/a000403

Abstract

Zusammenfassung:Hintergrund: Die Nutzung elektronischer Geräte und der damit verbundenen Bildschirmzeit nahm in den letzten Jahren stetig zu. Kognitive und emotionale Erregung durch Bildschirminhalte, spätere Zubettgehzeiten durch eine intensive abendliche Nutzung von elektronischen Geräten sowie die generelle aktivierende Wirkung des Bildschirmlichts können den Schlaf und die schulischen Leistungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen stark beeinflussen. Methoden: Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es, den aktuellen Forschungsstand zum Einfluss der Nutzung verschiedener elektronischer Geräte auf den Schlaf und die Lernleistungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen zusammenzufassen. Zusätzlich wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche zu Auswirkungen der Lichtemission von Bildschirmen auf den Schlaf und die schulischen Leistungen am nächsten Tag in elektronischen Datenbanken durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Die abendliche Bildschirmnutzung wirkt sich in vielerlei Hinsicht negativ auf den Schlaf (z.B. kürzere Schlafdauer und verlängerte Schlaflatenz) und in der Folge auf die Lernleistung von Kindern und Jugendlichen aus, wobei der direkte Einfluss des von den elektronischen Geräten emittierten Lichtes auf den Schlaf oder die Lernleistung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen noch kontrovers diskutiert wird. Diskussion: Eine Einschränkung der Bildschirmnutzung am Abend ist ein vielversprechender Ansatz zur Verbesserung der Schlafqualität und kognitiven Leistung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen.


Use of Electronic Devices and Its Influence on Sleep and Academic Performance in Children and Adolescents

Abstract:Background: The use of electronic devices and the associated screen time has increased steadily in recent years. Cognitive and emotional arousal through screen content, later bedtimes due to intensive evening use of electronic devices as well as the general activating effect of screen light can strongly influence the sleep and academic performance of children and adolescents. Methods: The aim of this review is to summarise the current state of research on the influence of the use of various electronic devices on sleep and academic performance in children and adolescents. In addition, a systematic literature search on the effects of light emission from screens on sleep and next-day academic performance was conducted in electronic databases. Results: Evening screen use has a negative impact on sleep in many ways (e.g. shorter sleep duration and prolonged sleep latency) and subsequently on academic performance in children and adolescents, although the direct impact of light emitted from electronic devices on sleep or academic performance in children and adolescents is still discussed controversially. Discussion: Limiting screen use in the evening is a promising approach to improve sleep quality and cognitive performance in children and adolescents.

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