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Originalia

Verhaltensmedizin und chronische Erkrankungen im Kindesalter

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1026//0033-3042.53.4.194

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Mindestens 10% aller Kinder sind von einer chronischen Krankheit betroffen. Früher tödlich verlaufende Krankheiten (wie Diabetes, Krebs) erfordern heute vielfach ein lebenslanges Management. Die Verhaltensmedizin trug in den letzten 20 Jahren im Kontext der Pädiatrischen Psychologie durch drei Ansätze zur Problembewältigung bei: (a) strukturierte Familienberatung, (b) Patientenschulung und Verhaltenstraining, (c) verhaltensmedizinische Interventionen im eigentlichen Sinne. Studien konnten zeigen, dass diese drei Ansätze die Häufigkeit und Intensität von Symptomen und Beschwerden effektiv reduzieren. Am Beispiel des Asthmas, des Typ-I-Diabetes mellitus und der Krebserkrankung werden einige Interventionsprinzipien erläutert und auf die zentralen Probleme im Rahmen der Krankheitsbewältigung verwiesen. Dem Problem der Compliance wird dabei eine besondere Stellung eingeräumt.


Behavioral medicine and chronic childhood illness

Abstract. At least 10% of all children suffer from chronic illnesses. Today illnesses that were formerly fatal (diabetes, cancer) often require lifelong management. During the last 20 years behaviorial medicine has offered types of interventions for the management of these problems: a) structured family counseling, b) patient education and behavior training programs, c) behavioral intervention. The frequency and intensity of the symptoms were reduced effectively by these interventions. The article reviews several intervention methods using the examples of asthma, diabetes, and cancer. Central problems of illness management, with particular emphasis on compliance, are discussed.

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