Skip to main content
Search
Search
    Quick Search anywhere
    Quick search in Citations
Advanced Search
Skip main navigationClose Drawer MenuOpen Drawer Menu
Previous article
Next article
Originalarbeit

CAST auf Deutsch

Übersetzung und Validierung des Comprehensive Assessment of Sadistic Tendencies

Published Online:April 08, 2020https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000249

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Sadismus ist ein Prädiktor für dysfunktionales Sozialverhalten und erfuhr als Konstrukt viel Aufmerksamkeit im klinischen Kontext. Zunehmend interessieren sich Forscher aber auch für die Rolle des subklinischen Alltagssadismus in anderen Kontexten, wie beispielswiese Mobbing oder disinhibierte Kommunikation in den Neuen Medien. Im Deutschen gab es bisher jedoch kein geeignetes Maß für Alltagssadismus. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, validieren wir eine deutsche Übersetzung des Comprehensive Assessment of Sadistic Tendencies (CAST, Buckels & Paulhus, 2014). Wir diskutieren verschiedene englischsprachige Alternativen und begründen unsere Wahl des CAST. Wir präsentieren die Ergebnisse einer webbasierten Validierungsstudie (N = 419). Hierbei prüfen wir die Faktorstruktur der übersetzten Skala und vergleichen die Konstruktvalidität mit dem englischen Original mittels rAlerting-CV (Westen & Rosenthal, 2003). Als Resultat stellen wir neben der originalgetreuen Version (CAST-D, 18 Items, Cronbachs α = .84) eine Kurzversion (CAST-D-K, 9 Items, Cronbachs α = .76) vor.


CAST in German: Translation and Validation of the Comprehensive Assessment of Sadistic Tendencies

Abstract. Sadism predicts dysfunctional social behavior and has been extensively researched in the clinical context. Recently however, researchers have begun to look into the role of subclinical everyday sadism in other contexts, such as bullying or disinhibited online communication. To date, there is no German measure for everyday sadism. To close this gap, we validated a German translation of the Comprehensive Assessment of Sadistic Tendencies (CAST, Buckels & Paulhus, 2014). Here, we discuss different English alternatives and explain our choice of the CAST as the most promising measure. We present the results of a web-based validation study (N = 419). In the study, we test the factor structure of the translated scale and compare the construct validity with the English original using rAlerting-CV (Westen & Rosenthal, 2003). In addition to the translated version in full length (CAST-D, 18 items, Cronbach’s α = .84), we present a short version (CAST-D-K, 9 items, Cronbach’s α = .76).

Literatur

  • Almeida, A., Correia, I. & Marinho, S. (2009). Moral disengagement, normative beliefs of peer group, and attitudes regarding roles in bullying. Journal of School Violence, 9 (1), 23 – 36. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220903185639 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.; revised). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. [deutsch (1989). Diagnostisches und Statistisches Manual Psychischer Störungen DSM-III-R. Weinheim: Beltz.] First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Ames, D. R., Rose, P. & Anderson, C. P. (2006). The NPI-16 as a short measure of narcissism. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 440 – 450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.002 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Andershed, H., Hodgins, S. & Tengström, A. (2007). Convergent validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI). Assessment, 14 (2), 144 – 154. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191106298286 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Anderson, A. A., Brossard, D., Scheufele, D. A., Xenos, M. A. & Ladwig, P. (2014). The “Nasty Effect:” Online incivility and risk perceptions of emerging technologies. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19, 373 – 387. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12009 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Baron-Cohen, S. & Wheelwright, S. (2004). The Empathy Quotient: An investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high functioning autism, and normal sex differences. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 163 – 175. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JADD.0000022607.19833.00 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Bentler, P. M. & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588 – 606. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Book, A., Visser, B. A. & Volk, A. A. (2015). Unpacking “evil”: Claiming the core of the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 73, 29 – 38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.016 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Buckels, E. E. (2012). The pleasures of hurting others: Behavioral evidence for everyday sadism. Unpublished Master’s thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Verfügbar unter: http://www.sakkyndig.com/psykologi/artvit/buckels2009.pdf First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Buckels, E. E., Jones, D. N. & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). Behavioral confirmation of everyday sadism. Psychological Science, 24, 2201 – 2209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613490749 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Buckels, E. E. & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Comprehensive Assessment of Sadistic Tendencies (CAST). Unpublished instrument. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Buckels, E. E., Trapnell, P. D. & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Trolls just want to have fun. Personality and Individual Differences, 67, 97 – 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.016 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Buggisch, C. (2019). Social Media, Messenger und Streaming – Nutzerzahlen in Deutschland 2019. Verfügbar unter: https://buggisch.wordpress.com/2019/01/02/social-media-messenger-und-streaming-nutzerzahlen-in-deutschland-2019/ First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Chabrol, H., Van Leeuwen, N., Rodgers, R. & Séjourné, N. (2009). Contributions of psychopathic, narcissistic, Machiavellian, and sadistic personality traits to juvenile delinquency. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 734 – 739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.06.020 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Christie, R. & Geis, F. L. (1970). Studies in Machiavellianism. New York, NY: Academic Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Coolidge, F. L. & Merwin, M. M. (1992). Reliability and validity of the Coolidge Axis II Inventory: A new inventory for the assessment of personality disorders. Journal of Personality Assessment, 59, 223 – 238. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5902_1 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Coolidge, F. L. (1984). Coolidge Axis II Inventory. US Copyright TXU 182 – 026. Washington, DC: Frederick L. Coolidge. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Coviello, L., Sohn, Y., Kramer, A. D. I., Marlow, C., Franceschetti, M., Christakis, N. A. et al. (2014). Detecting emotional contagion in massive social networks. PLoS ONE, 9 (3), 1 – 6. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090315 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Crutzen, R. & Göritz, A. S. (2011). Does social desirability compromise self-reports of physical activity in web-based research? International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8 (31) https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-31 First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 113 – 126. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Döring, N. (2003). Sozialpsychologie des Internet: Die Bedeutung des Internet für Kommunikationsprozesse, Identitäten, soziale Beziehungen und Gruppen (2. Aufl). Göttingen: Hogrefe. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Eisinga, R., Grotenhuis, M. & Pelzer, B. (2013). The reliability of a two-item scale: Pearson, Cronbach, or Spearman-Brown?. International journal of public health, 58, 637 – 642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-012-0416-3 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Field, A. P. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics : and sex and drugs and rock ’n’ roll. 4th ed. Los Angeles, CA: Sage. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Furnham, A., Richards, S. C. & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The dark triad of personality: A 10 year review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7, 199 – 216. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12018 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Furr, R. & Heuckeroth, S. (2019). The “Quantifying Construct Validity” procedure: Its role, value, interpretations, and computation. Assessment, 26, 555 – 566. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191118820638 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Göritz, A. S. (2014). Determinants of the starting rate and the completion rate in online panel studies. In M. CallegarR. BakeJ. BethleheA. S. GöritJ. A. KrosnickP. J. Lavrakas (Eds.), Online panel research: A data quality perspective (pp. 154 – 170). Chichester: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118763520.ch7 First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J. & Swann, W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504 – 528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Greitemeyer, T. (2015). Everyday sadism predicts violent video game preferences. Personality and Individual Differences, 75, 19 – 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.049 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Hardaker, C. (2010). Trolling in asynchronous computer-mediated communication: From user discussions to academic definitions. Journal of Politeness Research, 6, 215 – 242. https://doi.org/10.1515/JPLR.2010.011 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • John, O. P. & Srivastava, S. (1999). The big-five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In L. A. PervinO. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (Vol. 2, pp. 102 – 138). New York, NY: Guildford Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Johnson, N. A., Cooper, R. B. & Chin, W. W. (2009). Anger and flaming in computer-mediated negotiation among strangers. Decision Support Systems, 46, 660 – 672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2008.10.008 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Jonason, P. K. & Webster, G. D. (2010). The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad. Psychological Assessment, 22, 420 – 432. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019265 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Jones, D. N. & Figueredo, A. J. (2013). The core of darkness: Uncovering the heart of the Dark Triad. European Journal of Personality, 27, 521 – 531. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.1893 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Jones, D. N. & Paulhus, D. L. (2010). Different provocations trigger aggression in narcissists and psychopaths. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1 (1), 12 – 18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550609347591 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Jones, D. N. & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the Short Dark Triad (SD3). Assessment, 21 (1), 28 – 41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191113514105 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Judge, T. A., Piccolo, R. F. & Kosalka, T. (2009). The bright and dark sides of leader traits: A review and theoretical extension of the leader trait paradigm. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 855 – 875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.09.004 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Küfner, A. C. P., Dufner, M. & Back, M. D. (2015). Das Dreckige Dutzend und die Niederträchtigen Neun. Diagnostica, 61, 76 – 91. https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000124 First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Lapidot-Lefler, N. & Barak, A. (2012). Effects of anonymity, invisibility, and lack of eye-contact on toxic online disinhibition. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 434 – 443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.10.014 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Međedović, J. & Petrović, B. (2015). The Dark Tetrad. Journal of Individual Differences, 36, 228 – 236. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000179 First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Moultrie, J. & Engel, R. (2016). Empirical correlates for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form in a German inpatient sample. Psychological Assessment, 29, 1273 – 1289. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000415 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • O’Meara, A., Davies, J. & Hammond, S. (2011). The Psychometric Properties and Utility of the Short Sadistic Impulse Scale (SSIS). Psychological Assessment, 23, 523 – 531. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022400 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Ostendorf, F. & Angleitner, A. (1996). Deutsche Version des Coolidge Axis-II Inventory (CATI) von Frederick L. Coolidge. Unveröffentlichte Fassung. Universität Bielefeld. Verfügbar unter: https://www.dgps.de/fachgruppen/diff_psy/pdf/instrumente/CoolidgeAxisII.pdf First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Paulhus, D. L. & Jones, D. N. (2015). Measures of Dark Personalities. In G. J. BoylD. H. SaklofskeG. Matthews (Eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs (pp. 562 – 594). New York, NY: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00020-6 First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Paulhus, D. L. & Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 556 – 563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Paulhus, D. L., Jones, D. N., Klonsky, E. D. & Dutton, D. G. (2011). Sadistic personality and its correlates in community samples. Unpublished manuscript. University of British Columbia: Vancouver. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Paulus, C. (2009). Der Saarbrücker Persönlichkeitsfragebogen (SPF-IRI) zur Messung von Empathie, 1 – 11. Verfügbar unter: http://psydok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2009/2363/ First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Privitera, C. & Campbell, M. A. (2009). Cyberbullying: the new face of workplace bullying? Cyberpsychology & Behavior : The Impact of the Internet, Multimedia and Virtual Reality on Behavior and Society, 12, 395 – 400. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0025 First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Rammstedt, B. (2007). The 10-Item Big Five Inventory. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 23, 193 – 201. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.23.3.193 First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Rammstedt, B., Kemper, C. J., Klein, M. C., Beierlein, C. & Kovaleva, A. (2014). Big Five Inventory (BFI-10). Zusammenstellung sozialwissenschaftlicher Items und Skalen. Verfügbar unter: http://zis.gesis.org/skala/Rammstedt-Kemper-Klein-Beierlein-Kovaleva-Big-Five-Inventory-(BFI-10), https://doi.org/10.6102/zis76 First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Raykov, T. & Marcoulides, G. A. (2011). Introduction to Psychometric Theory. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Reidy, D. E., Zeichner, A. & Seibert, L. A. (2011). Unprovoked aggression: Effects of psychopathic traits and sadism. Journal of Personality, 79 (1), 75 – 100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00691.x First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Revelle, W. (2019). Psych: Procedures for Psychological, Psychometric, and Personality Research. R-package version 1.8.12. Retrieved from: https://cran.r-project.org/package=psych First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 8, 2, 1 – 36. Retrieved from: http://www.jstatsoft.org/v48/i02/ First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Russell, T. D. & King, A. R. (2016). Anxious, hostile, and sadistic: Maternal attachment and everyday sadism predict hostile masculine beliefs and male sexual violence. Personality and Individual Differences, 99, 340 – 345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.029 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Russell, T. D. & King, A. R. (2017). Mean girls: PID-5 personality traits and everyday sadism predict hostile femininity. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 252 – 257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.020 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Sagioglou, C. & Greitemeyer, T. (2016). Individual differences in bitter taste preferences are associated with antisocial personality traits. Appetite, 96, 299 – 308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.09.031 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8, 2, 23 – 74. Retrieved from: https://www.dgps.de/fachgruppen/methoden/mpr-online/issue20/ First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Stead, R., Cynthia Fekken, G., Kay, A. & McDermott, K. (2012). Conceptualizing the Dark Triad of personality: Links to social symptomatology. Personality and Individual Differences, 53, 1023 – 1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.07.021 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • van Geel, M., Goemans, A., Toprak, F. & Vedder, P. (2017). Which personality traits are related to traditional bullying and cyberbullying? A study with the Big Five, Dark Triad and sadism. Personality and Individual Differences, 106, 231 – 235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.10.063 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Voggeser, B. J., Singh, R. K. & Göritz, A. S. (2018). Self-control in online discussions: Disinhibited online behavior as a failure to recognize social cues. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 2372. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02372 First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Westen, D. & Rosenthal, R. (2003). Quantifying construct validity: Two simple measures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 608 – 618. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.3.608 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar