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Originalia

Charakteristika des Virtual Reality-Mediums als Determinanten der intermodalen Informationsintegration in einer hybriden Realität

Published Online:April 16, 2007https://doi.org/10.1026/1617-6383.19.1.14

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. In einer hybriden Realität kann Information aus der virtuellen Realität (VR) und Information aus der natürlichen Realität umso leichter integriert werden, je stärker das VR-Medium Präsenz erzeugt, d.h. je mehr es gestattet, Information aus der virtuellen Realität als ebenso ‘unvermittelt‘ zu erleben wie Information aus der natürlichen Realität. Zur Untersuchung dieses Zusammenhanges wird die Größengewichtstäuschung (GGT) herangezogen, wonach von zwei gleich schweren aber unterschiedlich großen Objekten das kleinere Objekt als schwerer beurteilt wird. Es wird erwartet, dass die Täuschung in einer hybriden Realität, in der die Versuchsteilnehmer/innen die Objekte in der VR sehen und gleichzeitig in der natürlichen Realität heben, umso größer ist, je mehr das VR-Medium für das Präsenz-Erleben relevante Bedingungen wie Abschirmung und sensorisches Feedback erfüllt. 60 Versuchsteilnehmer/innen beurteilten das Gewicht von insgesamt 15 unterschiedlich hohen und schweren Zylindern (drei Höhen, fünf Gewichte) nach der Größenverhältnisschätzmethode. Sie sahen die gehobenen Zylinder entweder in der natürlichen Realität, in einer von drei unterschiedlichen Head-Mounted-Display (HMD) Virtual Realities (mit unverzögerter Synchronisation von Bild und Kopfbewegung, mit verzögerter Synchronisation von Bild und Kopfbewegung, ohne Synchronisation von Bild und Kopfbewegung) oder in zwei unterschiedlichen Desktop-Virtual Realities (mit Abschirmung von visuellen Reizen aus der natürlichen Realität, ohne Abschirmung). Die psychophysischen Urteile zeigen, dass der Grad der GGT, quantifiziert durch den negativen Steigungskoeffizienten der linearen Abhängigkeit der Gewichtsurteile von der Höhe der Zylinder, in der HMD-Realität mit unverzögerter Synchronisation am höchsten ist. Die GGT wird als Verfahren zur Operationalisierung von Präsenz diskutiert.


Characteristics of the virtual reality medium as determinants of inter-modal information integration in a hybrid reality

Abstract. The perception of presence in a virtual reality medium is a prerequisite for an integration of information mediated by the virtual environment with information of the natural environment. The degree of information integration would hereafter be an objective indicator of the presence experienced in a virtual environment. The classical paradigm for the demonstration of inter-modal information integration is the size-weight illusion which describes the phenomenon that when two objects of the same weight but of different size are lifted, the smaller object is judged as heavier. The hypothesis is tested that the degree of the size-weight illusion depends on the conditions, which allow the observer to integrate the visual and kinaesthetic information perceived when lifting weights. It is expected that the degree of the illusion in a hybrid reality depends on the “realism” provided by different kinds of the virtual reality (VR) involved when the weights are seen in the VR and at the same time lifted in the natural reality. Fifteen objects of different size (three sizes) and weight (five weights) were presented to 60 participants under different perceptual conditions, in natural reality or in virtual reality. Five different kinds of VR are used: three head-mounted-display VRs (one with non delayed head tracking, one with delayed head tracking, one without head tracking) and two desktop VRs (one with screening the user from input of the natural environment using a visor, one without screening). The heaviness of the objects was scaled using the magnitude estimation method. Data show that the degree of the illusion, quantified by the negative slope coefficient of the linear relationship between cylinder size and weight judgment, is largest in the HMD virtual reality with non delayed head tracking. This makes the size-weight illusion a promising objective presence measure.

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