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Übersicht

ADHS im Vorschulalter

Subgruppen, Diagnostik und gezielte Therapieansätze

Published Online:August 28, 2013https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000117

Abstract

Aktivitäts- und Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen (ADHS) im Vorschulalter sind der ADHS im Grundschulalter bezüglich Erscheinungsbild und Komorbiditäten teils ähnlich und teils unähnlich. Zudem ergeben sich besondere Herausforderungen hinsichtlich der Diagnostik und Behandlung u. a. aufgrund altersabhängiger Diagnosekriterien, einer schwierigen Unterscheidung von altersadäquatem und abweichendem Verhalten und erhöhten Nebenwirkungen bei der medikamentösen Behandlung. Daher werden in diesem Übersichtsartikel Subtypen und Komorbiditäten von ADHS, für den klinischen Gebrauch geeignete Diagnostikinstrumente sowie gezielte Behandlungsansätze, insbesondere Elterntrainings und Medikation, genauer betrachtet.


ADHD at preschool age: Subgroups, diagnostic, and specific treatments approaches

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at preschool age has similar as well as dissimilar symptoms and comorbidities as ADHS at school age. There are special challenges regarding clinical diagnosis and treatment because of age related diagnostic criteria, problems in the differentiation of age appropriate and abnormal behaviour, and increased side effects of pharmaceutical treatment. This paper reviews subtypes and comorbidities of ADHD, assessment methods appropriate for clinical use, and targeted treatment approaches, especially parent trainings and psychotropic medication.

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