Is the Negative Priming Effect a Reliable Measure of Individual Differences in Cognitive Inhibition?Summary: In cognitive psychology negative priming (NP) experiments were developed to assess inhibitory functions. NP, defined as a slowed reaction on ...
Zusammenfassung: Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über individuelle Unterschiede bei der Lösung komplexer Probleme. Betrachtet werden Unterschiede in Wissen und Fertigkeiten, in Parametern der Informationsverarbeitung und in motivationalen Variablen. Das ...
Preference for Intuition and Deliberation (PID): An Inventory for Assessing Affect- and Cognition-Based Decision-MakingAbstract: People differ in the way they make decisions: Some people prefer intuitive decision making, while others prefer a deliberate, ...
Abstract. Neuropsychological evidence has given rise to alternative models on brain asymmetry in emotion, each with different implications concerning the biological basis of individual differences in affective responses. The present study tested these ...
Abstract. The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), an inconspicuous, but sexually differentiated anatomical trait (men present lower 2D:4D than women), has received intense research interest recently. Fairly strong evidence points to 2D:4D as a biomarker ...
In emotion research, affective pictures are limited in their ability to elicit discrete emotions. The current study attempted to elicit anger using pictures and a person by image-content interactional strategy. In two studies, undergraduates who varied ...
Studies have shown that regular drinkers respond to alcohol-related stimuli with increases in urge to drink and changes in affect. Evidence indicates that there is individual variability in responses to alcohol-related cues. The current study aimed to ...
The Motion Picture Mind Reading (MPMR) Test is a novel naturalistic mind-reading task, designed to measure individual differences in a young adult population in Japan. Short scenes from TV films showing characters in social situations were presented to ...
Accurate identification of emotional expressions is important to social interaction. We examined the relations among shyness, sociability, and the accuracy of categorization of facial expression of emotions in a sample of 127 undergraduates. Individual ...
Theorists have long maintained that people react to major life events but then eventually return to a setpoint of subjective well-being. Yet prior research is inconclusive regarding the extent of interindividual variability. Recent theoretical models ...
Previous studies showed that extraversion influences social network size. However, it is unclear how extraversion affects the size of different layers of the network, and how extraversion relates to the emotional intensity of social relationships. We ...
This experiment investigated the relationship between mental rotation and sport training. Undergraduate university students (n = 62) completed the Mental Rotation Test (Vandenberg & Kuse, 1978), before and after a 10-month training in two different sports,...
Crying is a powerful solicitation of caregiving, yet little is known about the cognitive processes underpinning caring responses to crying others. This study examined (1) whether crying (compared to sad and happy) faces differentially elicited semantic ...
The study concerns the measurement of individual differences in the automatic processing of affective stimuli within an affective priming paradigm. Automatic processing measures, termed processing tendencies, were defined by parcels composed of difference ...
High-order cognitive functions require the integration of information across functionally related modules. This relationship suggests that cognitive ability is related to the efficiency and processing speed of basic integrative function. In order to ...
Whereas a small number of studies have focused on the impact of extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism on the way people communicate, little is known about how the big five personality traits relate to individual differences in the specific types of ...
The name similarity effect is the tendency to like people, places, and things with names similar to our own. Although many researchers have examined name similarity effects on preferences and behavior, no research to date has examined whether individual ...
This research examined differences in the perception of emotion words as a function of individual differences in subclinical levels of depression and anxiety. Participants completed measures of depression and anxiety and performed a lexical decision task ...
We examined the influence of encoding duration in high- and low-anxious undergraduates on memory accuracy and confidence. Participants encoded words for 750 or 4,000 ms, and later made recognition and confidence judgments in their memory for targets and ...
Abstract. Although attention control accounts for a unique portion of the variance in working memory capacity (WMC), the way in which attention control contributes to WMC has not been thoroughly specified. The current work focused on ...