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Übersichtsartikel

Ist Neurofeedbacktraining eine wirksame Therapiemethode zur Behandlung von ADHS? Ein Überblick über aktuelle Befunde

Published Online:May 16, 2011https://doi.org/10.1024/1016-264X/a000035

Abstract

Neurofeedbacktraining hat sich zunehmend als eine klinische Behandlungsmethode für Kinder mit ADHS etabliert, obwohl methodisch befriedigende Wirksamkeitsstudien lange fehlten. Der Überblicksartikel führt zunächst in die Grundlagen von Neurofeedback bei ADHS ein und stellt die wichtigsten Methoden und Protokolle vor. Anschliessend werden aktuelle Studien mit verschiedenen Kontrollbedingungen, Bildgebungsbefunde und Ansätze, die den Zusammenhang zwischen kortikaler Regulation und klinischen Verbesserungen untersuchen, zusammengefasst. Neben vielen offenen methodischen Fragen gibt es auch einige wenige Ergebnisse, die eine spezifische Wirkung von Neurofeedbacktraining stützen. In welchem Ausmass aber die gelernte kortikale Regulation tatsächlich kausal zu den klinischen Verbesserungen beiträgt, müssen zukünftige Untersuchungen noch zeigen.


Is Neurofeedback Training an Efficacious Treatment for ADHD? A Review of Recent Findings

Neurofeedback training (NF) for the treatment of children with ADHD has found increasing acceptance. Until recently, methodologically satisfactory studies on NF efficacy were lacking. This review gives an introduction to NF principles and protocols, followed by a short overview of recent studies and methodological approaches. Different control group designs, imaging findings, and studies investigating the association between outcome and learned cortical regulation are covered. Even though many methodological issues still need to be addressed, evidence is emerging that NF may have some specific effects. Future studies will have to demonstrate to which extent these specific effects contribute directly to clinical improvements.

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