Zum Zusammenhang von gewalthaltigen Bildschirmspielen und Aggression
Abstract
Zusammenfassung.In den letzten Jahrzehnten sind Bildschirmspiele zu einem festen Bestandteil der Freizeitgestaltung von Kindern und Jugendlichen geworden. Die verbreitete Annahme, dass die Nutzung gewalthaltiger Spiele aggressives Verhalten begünstigt, wird kontrovers diskutiert. Mit einer umfangreichen Literatursuche wurden empirische Studien identifiziert, die die Zusammenhänge von aggressivem Verhalten und der Nutzung gewalthaltiger Bildschirmspiele untersuchten. Die Ergebnisse werden differenziert nach dem verwendeten Studiendesign dargestellt (experimentelle Studien, Korrelations- und Längsschnittstudien). Insgesamt zeigen die Studien kein einheitliches Bild. Die Mehrzahl entsprechender Befunde bestätigt jedoch hypothesenkonform einen positiven Zusammenhang zwischen der Nutzung gewalthaltiger Bildschirmspiele und körperlicher Aggression. Die nachgewiesenen Effekte sind jedoch als eher gering einzuschätzen. Eine aggressionsbegünstigende Wirkung wird vor dem Hintergrund der verwendeten Methodik, etablierter Risikofaktoren und der praktischen Bedeutsamkeit kritisch diskutiert.
Abstract.During the past decades video games have become an integral part of recreational activities of children and adolescents. The assumption that playing violent games encourages aggressive behaviour is a controversial issue. Empirical studies examining the connection between aggressive behaviour and playing violent video games were identified by an extensive literature research. The results are presented according to the design of the study (experimental, correlation and longitudinal studies). In all, the studies do not show homogeneous results. The majority of the results confirm a positive connection between playing violent video games and physical aggression, but the proven effects are relatively small. An influence which facilitates aggression is critically discussed as to the methods applied, known risk factors and practical relevance.
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