Abstract: There are numerous risk/protective factors for developing mental disorders in older people. This study examined the contribution of lifestyle (physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption) and psychosocial ...
Abstract: Our experiences on social network sites (SNS) can often leave us envious of others, but others’ success can be inspirational as well. This study was an exploration of how source similarity, dispositional optimism, and goal ...
Summary: Collective efficacy is defined as the subjective certainty to master new or challenging demand situations on the basis of competencies shared by a group of persons. A new scale was developed for the assessment of optimistic beliefs in teacher ...
Summary: Personal optimism represents the positive expectations concerning one's own person whereas social optimism includes the expectations concerning the person's environment. Items for the assessment of personal and social optimism were submitted to ...
Aging is associated with an increase in need for assistance. Preparation for future care (PFC) is related to improved coping ability as well as better mental and physical health outcomes among older adults. We examined the association of optimism with ...
Abstract. Institutionalization is often related to the psychologically negative outcomes of old age. Optimism could alleviate suffering, but little is known about its role in institutionalized settings. We ...
Zusammenfassung. Im ersten Teil des vorliegenden Beitrags wird ein Überblick zum Stand der Forschung im Themengebiet “Optimismus und Gesundheit” erstellt. Die einflußreichsten theoretischen Ansätze und der Stand ihrer empirischen Bestätigung werden kurz ...
Zusammenfassung. Nach der Theorie der kognitiven Anpassung an bedrohliche Ereignisse von Taylor (1983) stellen Sinnfindung, Wiedergewinnung von Kontrolle und Wiederherstellung des Selbstwertgefühls wesentliche Anpassungsziele dar, deren erfolgreiches ...
Optimism and pessimism in preschool children: Validation of a parent report questionnaireAbstract. The present study aims at presenting psychometric properties, factor structure, and convergent validity of the German version of the Parent Rated Life ...
Are Students With Optimistic Self-Concepts One Step Ahead? Relations Between Optimistic, Realistic, and Pessimistic Self-Concepts and the Achievement Development of Primary School ChildrenAbstract. In educational research, optimistic self-concepts are ...
Zusammenfassung. Soziale Netzwerke und insbesondere soziale Unterstützung werden als ein zentraler vermittelnder Mechanismus zwischen Optimismus und Gesundheit diskutiert. In dieser Studie wird die Annahme geprüft, dass Optimisten, Pessimisten und ...
Zusammenfassung. Die Relevanz des Konstruktes Optimismus für eine Vielzahl psychologischer und medizinischer Bereiche ist in zahlreichen Studien eindrucksvoll demonstriert worden. Das in der Forschung mit Abstand am häufigsten eingesetzte Messinstrument ...
Abstract. In this article, we present a short overview of findings from our current research on interindividual differences in emotion regulation and their consequences for health and well-being. In our research that is based on experimental designs, ...
Summary Perceived self-efficacy represents an optimistic sense of personal competence that seems to be a pervasive phenomenon accounting for motivation and accomplishments in human beings. The General Self-Efficacy scale, developed to measure this ...
Background: To gain information on the attitudes and life orientations of Pakistani adolescents, the present study aimed at measuring hopelessness and hopefulness in Pakistani adolescents. Methods: The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS; Beck, Weissman, Lester, ...
Abstract.Background: Transitioning to college life in young adulthood can represent a challenging developmental period and college students are at heightened risk for engaging in suicidality. Aims: We aimed to ...
It has been suggested that people's cognitive and attributional strategies influence the extent to which they are successful in various situations. A 60-item self-report scale for measuring these strategies was developed. This Strategy and Attribution ...
Abstract. In this study the psychometric properties of the Personal Optimism scale of the POSO-E questionnaire (Schweizer & Koch, 2001) for the assessment of dispositional optimism are evaluated by applying Samejima's (1969) graded response model, a ...
Abstract. In different fields of the behavioral sciences, a growing demand for brief measures of psychological constructs can be observed. The current research presents new evidence on the reliability and validity of a recently developed ...
Abstract. Positive orientation (PO) is a basic predisposition that consists in a positive outlook toward oneself, one’s life, and one’s future, which is associated to many desirable outcomes connected to health and to the general quality ...