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Originalartikel

Der Einfluss von Schlaganfällen im Kindes- und Jugendalter auf die kognitive Entwicklung

Published Online:May 16, 2011https://doi.org/10.1024/1016-264X/a000038

Abstract

Schlaganfälle ereignen sich im Kindesalter nur selten, haben jedoch für betroffene Kinder große Auswirkungen auch auf kognitive Fähigkeiten. Die vorliegende Studie analysiert die Intelligenzleistung von 103 Kindern nach einem Schlaganfall im Versorgungsgebiet der Arteria cerebri media. Dabei zeigt sich, dass das Alter zum Zeitpunkt der Schädigung einen großen Einfluss auf das Leistungsniveau hat. Kinder mit perinatalen Schlaganfällen schneiden in den Intelligenztestskalen insgesamt am schlechtesten ab. Dabei weist eine antikonvulsive Medikation zur Epilepsiebehandlung einen zusätzlichen Effekt auf. Ereignet sich der Schlaganfall nach dem sechsten Lebensjahr, können lateralisierte Effekte sichtbar gemacht werden: nach linkshemisphärischen Infarkten zeigen sich Sprachleistungen reduziert, rechtshemisphärische Schlaganfälle wirken sich auf visuell-räumliche Leitungen aus. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf die Notwendigkeit langfristiger neuropsychologischer Begleitung der Kinder und Jugendlichen hin.


Stroke in Children and Adolescents – Impact on Cognitive Development

Even though strokes do not occur frequently in childhood and adolescence, there are large adverse effects on the cognitive development of children suffering from stroke. Different variables can influence this development. The paper presented analyzes the achievement in intelligence of 103 children after stroke in the territory of the middle cerebral artery. It shows that the age of the children/adolescents at the time of stroke has a large influence on the level of performance in the intelligence test. Children with peri-natal strokes achieve the lowest results in the scales of the intelligence test. There is also an additional negative effect by anti-convulsive medication for the treatment of epilepsy. If the stroke occurs after six years of age lateralized effects of the stroke become visible: speech performance is reduced after strokes of the left hemisphere, strokes of the right hemisphere affect visuo-spatial performance.

These results demand the necessity of long-term neuropsychological treatment of children and adolescents with stroke.

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