Forming Impressions from Person Descriptions: Effects of Text Coherence on Social Information ProcessingSummary: This paper concerns the comprehension of person descriptions. In two experiments we investigated the influence of syntactical coherence and ...
Hypertext research results suggest that building a correct representation of the hypertext structure enables users to navigate effectively within the text. Therefore, text comprehension processes involved in hypertext reading should be investigated. In an ...
Summary: Learning from hypertext requires learners to decide on a selection and order of nodes to be visited and to integrate the contents of different nodes into a coherent situational representation. These demands should be accomplished more easily by ...
Using Concept Maps Effectively as Structural Supports: The Role of Self-ConstructionIn this study with 46 young adults, we investigated effects of differently structured concept maps for students' comprehension of science texts and for their self-...
The Use of Presented and Learner-Generated Pictures as Aid for Comprehension in Science Text LearningBased on multimedia learning theories this paper investigated the benefits of provided pictures, based on models of self-regulated learning it also ...
Process-oriented Assessment of Reading Skills in Primary School ChildrenFrom a cognitive perspective, reading skills depend on efficient component processes of reading comprehension on the word, sentence and text level. In this article, we present the ...
Reading is search for meaning – and learning to read demands more than mere training of skillsAbstract. Concepts of instruction are based on quite different concepts of learning and of competing explanations of problems. This article shows that ...
Cliffhangers as a Profitable Stylistic Device in Reading Promotion? Results of a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study on the Effects of Varying Text Arrangements on Reading Enjoyment and Memory of Text Content of ...
Situation models and text comprehensionAbstract. Recent theories of text comprehension assume that readers build a representation of the situation described by a text in additon to a representation of the text itself. This level of representation, the ...
Maintaining global coherence during reading. Fisheye views as cognitive toolsAbstract. Graphic organizers, such as tree diagrams or fisheye views, are important instructional tools to improve the comprehension of traditional text or hypertext. Empirical ...
Egocentric inference of object positions during reading and listeningAbstract. Subjects read narratives describing several objects surrounding a protagonist. In taking the protagonist's perspective, subjects constructed egocentric mental models of the ...
Wall or no Wall? The representation of spatial changes in situation modelsAbstract. Two experiments were carried out to answer the following questions: Do readers integrate spatial changes described in naturalistic narratives into situation models? And ...
Strategic focusing of attention during narrative readingAbstract. In 2 experiments based on the constructionist view of text comprehension, we investigated whether readers are able to strategically use, in a problem solving matter, spatial and temporal ...
Mental models of social interactions: How readers comprehend texts about cheating behaviorsAbstract. A cheating loop is a particular pattern of social exchanges in which two partners, who are bound to one another by a social contract, interact with a ...
Influence of the type of visualization on the construction of mental models during picture and text comprehensionAbstract. The following article describes an integrative model of text and picture comprehension. Text and picture comprehension is ...
Inferring time-dependent changes of entities during readingAbstract. The present paper adresses the question as to whether readers exploit temporal text information for inferring changes in properties of objects (e.g., hot chocolate becomes cold). In the ...
Mental models of fictional characters' mental states and actionsAbstract. This research work addresses the issue whether mental models including the representation of the protagonist's mental state allow readers to detect inconsistencies. An experiment ...
Abstract. Anaphor resolution has been found to depend on the spatial distance between the reader’s focus of attention and the location of the anaphor referent in a spatially organized situation model (spatial distance effect; Rinck & Bower, 1995; Morrow ...
Adaptive Testing of Text Comprehension in Primary School. Development of a CAT-Optimized Item PoolAbstract. The present study describes the construction and calibration of a text comprehension item pool for a computer adaptive test (...
Processing of person descriptive information as text comprehensionAbstract. In this paper, relations between text comprehension and social cognition are discussed. It is argued that theories and research methods from the domain of text comprehension are ...
The relationship between spoken and written language in the construction of mental representationAbstract. In learning environments text can be presented auditorily or visually. Therefore the question arises whether listening and reading comprehension ...
Learning From Text and PicturesAbstract. Learning with text and pictures (multimedia) constitutes one of the core areas of research on learning and instruction. Against the backdrop of the multistore model of memory, cognitive theories of multimedia ...
Comprehension of Controversial Scientific Themes: Problems, Underlying Cognititves Processes and Psychological InterventionsAbstract. People interested in publically debated scientific issues are often confronted with multiple texts that provide contrary ...
Zusammenfassung. Nach dem Modell ITERA (Nerb, Spada & Wahl, 1998; Nerb & Spada, 2001) löst die Lektüre von Zeitungsmeldungen über Umweltschadensfälle kognitive und emotionale Bewertungen aus. Das Modell erlaubt präzise Vorhersagen über Kohärenzeffekte: ...
Construction of visio-spatial representations during listening and reading comprehensionAbstract. In learning environments, information can be presented as visual or auditory text. However, the question remains unanswered whether there are differences ...
The construction of predictive inferences in children and adults during the cognitive processing of audiovisual and auditory textsAbstract. The aim of the two present studies was to investigate in 192 participants aged 6, 8, 10, 13, and 22 years if they ...
Assessing knowledge about reading strategiesAbstract. This paper describes the development and evaluation of an instrument assessing declarative metacognitive knowledge. In particular, this instrument deals with students’ knowledge about the utility and ...
Abstract: In this experimental study with 62 university students, we examined to what extent the hope or hopelessness they experience during reading a text affect their comprehension as well as the magnitude and accuracy of their ...
Zusammenfassung. Seit Erfindung der Schrift stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit sich das Hör- und das Leseverstehen voneinander unterscheiden. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, ob beim Hör- und Leseverstehen unterschiedliche Lernleistungen erzielt ...
The aim of the present study was to investigate children's ability to complete idiom fragments embedded in stories. Previous studies found that children's and preadolescents' ability to comprehend a text was related to their ability to understand an ...