Young children's difficulty to understand visual ambiguitySummary: Little is known about how and when the phenomenon of reversing ambiguous figures develops. Rock, Gopnik and Hall (1994) found that 3- and 4-year-olds never reverse when presented with an ...
Summary: CASE is a 2-year intervention program which aims to promote the cognitive development of secondary school students, especially the transition from concrete operational to formal operational thinking. The students are taught 30 «Thinking Science ...
Zusammenfassung: Aus einer kognitions- und entwicklungspsychologischen Perspektive wird die Bedeutsamkeit des außerschulischen Vorwissens für das schulische Lernen herausgestellt. Als anzustrebendes Instruktionsziel wird die Integration dieses intuitiven ...
Several experiments have shown that cognitive abilities involved in the representation and understanding of change over time (what we term “diachronic thought”) develop strikingly in various domains between the ages of 8 and 12 years. Do these abilities ...
This study examined how the testing procedure might affect performances on the water-level task and the verticality task in the course of development, comparing performances on a two-dimensional graphic version (drawings of jars and of a hillside) and on ...
Abstract. This study investigated the empirical differentiation of prospective memory, executive functions, and metacognition and their structural relationships in 119 elementary school children (M = 95 months, SD = 4.8 months). These cognitive abilities ...
Kinder mit frühen Schlaganfällen weisen vielfältige Entwicklungsprobleme und kognitive Beeinträchtigungen auf. In der Vorhersage von kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen erweisen sich das Alter zum Zeitpunkt des Schlaganfalls (perinatale vs. frühkindlich) sowie ...
Teaching mathematical and linguistic skills to students with intellectual disabilityAbstract. This article provides an overview of the current state of research on cognitive development as well as mathematical and linguistic ...
Benefits of Active Control of the Study Experience and Implications for Educational SettingsAbstract.Background: The concept of active learning has played a crucial role in education and continues to inform a wide ...
Zusammenfassung. Die Beschäftigung mit dem intuitiven Wissen von Kindern hat in den letzten Jahren in der kognitiven Entwicklungspsychologie zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Fülle empirischer ...
Zusammenfassung. Im Rahmen einer Kategorisierungsstudie zur Unterscheidung von Menschen und Säugetieren wurden je 20 neun und elf Monate alte Kinder an 10 verschiedene Exemplare einer Kategorie gewöhnt, bevor sie ein Exemplar der kontrastierenden ...
What children know about foreign countries… A study of preschoolers of German and other nationalitiesAbstract. What do preschool children know about their own and foreign countries? What is the children's thinking in this domain related to? Do children ...
Zusammenfassung. Die Schwierigkeit dreijähriger Kinder zu verstehen, dass das Aussehen in bestimmten Fällen von der Realität abweichen kann (etwa bei optischen Täuschungen), wird in der Theory of Mind-Literatur auf ein metarepräsentationales Defizit ...
Age-correlated differences vs. changes in intellectual abilities: Can both aspects be explained by the speed variable?Abstract. To explain cognitive development across the life-span, a “strong” version of the speed hypothesis posits that changes in ...
Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Untersuchung hat die Entstehung interindividueller Unterschiede in der Entwicklung des aussagenlogischen Denkens zum Gegenstand. Dabei wird das Verhältnis zwischen der individuellen Entwicklung und den Bedingungen der ...
The development of complex prospective memory performance in childrenAbstract. Despite its importance for the cognitive development and the everyday life of children, little is known about the developmental course of prospective memory in preschool and ...
Intuitive biology in children’s thinking: Can preschoolers distinguish between biological and social relationships?Abstract. The development of domain-specific knowledge within foundational theories, i.e., intuitive physics, biology, or psychology, has ...
Zusammenfassung. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, ob Säuglinge im ersten Lebensjahr Gesichter analytisch (anhand von einzelnen Merkmalen) oder holistisch (anhand der Gesamtkonfiguration) verarbeiten. Gemäß des sogenannten “Switch-Design“ nach ...
Patient education with children: How to consider their individual illness and treatment conceptsAbstract. In patient education with chronic ill children the individual concepts of the participants should be included in order to supply information ...
On efficiency of early interventionAbstract. The article reviews publications on the efficacy of early intervention between 1995 and 2002. Due to methodological hazards such as defining clinical samples, control groups, and outcome criteria, findings of ...
Competence profile and competence level in deductive reasoning in the SDV - integration of Piaget’s developmental theory and item response modelsAbstract. The paper describes the theoretical background, development, and preliminary results of the “...
KOPKI 4-6: Presentation and first validation of a parent questionnaire on cognitive processing in children aged 4 to 6 yearsAbstract. The questionnaire KOPKI 4-6 assesses cognitive processes in children aged 4 to 6 by parent ratings of the cognitive ...
Early diagnosisAbstract. This special issue presents papers on the current discussion about approaches of early diagnosis of motor, cognitive, and socio-emotional development. The focus is on the assessment of developmental risks during the first three ...
Imitation by infants during the first 2 years of lifeAbstract. Imitation is an important cognitive and social cognitive ability in early childhood. In the last two decades infancy research has focused mainly on the study of deferred imitation as a ...
Microgenetic studies on the acquisition of physical knowledge in children: New training experiments with the balance scaleAbstract. In two microgenetic studies, we investigated whether intuitive prior knowledge constrains the learning of new physical ...
Developmental changes of general cognitive abilities and school related skills in children and adolescents: Evidence of a widening gap?Abstract. The present paper deals with a re-analysis of data of the Munich Longitudinal Study (LOGIC; Weinert & ...
Zusammenfassung. Der Rückschaufehler (engl. “hindsight bias“) beschreibt die Tendenz, sich bei Schätzaufgaben durch vorgegebene Informationen systematisch beeinflussen zu lassen. Dieses Phänomen ist gut untersucht, allerdings ist seine ...
Working memory in 4- to 5-year-old children: Theoretical issues and empirical findingsAbstract. In the present study, the precise and reliable assessment of young children’s working memory capacities is investigated. A battery of eight working memory ...
Zusammenfassung. Empirische Untersuchungsbefunde aus zwei Studien zur Entwicklung der Konzentrationsleistung bei 3- bis 8-Jährigen und zum Zusammenhang der Konzentrationsleistung mit den Phasen des vor-operatorischen versus konkret-operatorischen Denkens ...
Verbal and cognitive competencies of young preschool-children: A comparison between children with and without background of migrationAbstract. The current study focusses on verbal and cognitive competencies of children with background of migration at ...
Zusammenfassung. In einem Reaktionszeitexperiment zur mentalen Rotation von Händen, an dem 138 Kindergartenkinder, 82 Grundschüler (2. Klassenstufe) und 82 Erwachsene teilnahmen, konnte ein Einfluss der motorischen Einschränkung von Handbewegungen auf die ...Integration of imagery and motor processes in development: Mental transformation with pictures of handsAbstract. In a mental rotation experiment, 138 kindergarden children, 82 pupils (second grade), and 82 adults were tested using pictures of hands as ...
Abstract. We examined the hypothesis that infants’ early action segmentation is guided by knowledge about simple movement-effect associations. Nine- and 12-month-olds were familiarized with a video showing a sequence of two actions, each a simple ...
Zusammenfassung. Ausgehend von neueren Forschungsergebnissen, die auf Basiskompetenzen wissenschaftlichen Denkens schon im Grundschulalter hinweisen, stellen wir ein dreistufiges Entwicklungsmodell (natur)wissenschaftlicher Kompetenz vor, das einen ...
Previous research on the development of intuitive statics has revealed that preschoolers’ ability to judge the stability of asymmetrically shaped objects is severely limited (Krist, 2010). To overrule the objection that this limitation is caused by ...
Short- and long-term effects of day care during early childhood on cognitive and language development with special reference to day care qualityThis paper provides an overview of the current state of research on the short- and long-term effects of early ...
Development of manual dexterity, executive functions, and scholastic achievement in children at risk for developmental coordination disordersThe present 3-year-longitudinal study investigated manual dexterity, executive functions, and scholastic ...
Das Ziel der längsschnittlich angelegten Studie besteht darin, frühe Einflussfaktoren auf die numerische Entwicklung im Alter von sechs Jahren ausfindig zu machen. Hierzu werden kognitive Faktoren (Intelligenz, Arbeitsgedächtnis, Abruf von Informationen ...
Abstract. Recent studies have ascertained a link between the motor system and imagery in children. A motor effect on imagery is demonstrated by the influence of stimuli-related movement constraints (i. e., constraints defined by the musculoskeletal system)...
Heterogeneous development of children of postnatally depressed mothersAbstract.Background: Biological-genetic mechanisms as well as social-interactional pathways of transmission are discussed as determinants of developmental disorders among children at ...
Security of attachment and the development of speech and cognitionAbstract. This study focuses on the analysis of relationships between infants' attachment and the development of speech and cognition. It is expected that a secure attachment will be ...
Zusammenfassung. Es wurde geprüft, ob sich frühgeborene und termingeborene Kinder im Vorschulalter in ihrer kognitiven Entwicklung und ihren sozial-emotionalen Kompetenzen unterscheiden. Insgesamt wurden 29 Kinder im Alter zwischen fünf und sechs Jahren ...
Long-Term Consequences of Preterm Birth on Cognitive Development and Academic Achievement: Is There a Protective Effect of Maternal Responsiveness?Abstract. Preterm birth is associated with adverse long-term ...
The Significance of Fetal and Neonatal Spontaneous Movements for Development and Early Identification of Developmental DisordersAbstract.Theoretical Background: The human neonate presents a continuum of motor patterns extending ...
Children’s conceptions about illness: A research reviewAbstract. This review reports the state of research on the development of children’s and adolescent’s illness representations. The review begins with an overview about theoretical approaches used as ...
Commercials on TV: Experimental methods for assessing children’s comprehension of commercialsAbstract. The development of children’s ability to differentiate between commercials and other television programs was examined in two experiments. In particular,...
The development of knowledge about agents has recently been subject to intensive study, as witnessed by the burgeoning literature on children's theory of mind. This article focuses on two central issues in the literature: the early emergence and the ...
A new test on map understanding for preschool and elementary-school children was constructed based on a Piagetian framework of the development of spatial ability and representational understanding. Results from a study with 95 3- to 6-year-old children ...
Changing environmental context during encoding can influence episodic memory. This study examined the memorial consequences of environmental context change in children. Kindergartners, first and fourth graders, and young adults studied two lists of items, ...